perltoc

perltoc Dokumentation zu Perl 5.8.0 | Download als POD | Wie kann ich hier etwas ändern?

NAME

perltoc - perl documentation table of contents

DESCRIPTION

This page provides a brief table of contents for the rest of the Perl documentation set. It is meant to be scanned quickly or grepped through to locate the proper section you're looking for.

BASIC DOCUMENTATION

perl - Practical Extraction and Report Language

SYNOPSIS

Overview

Tutorials

Reference Manual

Internals and C Language Interface

Miscellaneous

Language-Specific

Platform-Specific

DESCRIPTION

AVAILABILITY

ENVIRONMENT

AUTHOR

FILES

SEE ALSO

DIAGNOSTICS

BUGS

NOTES

perlintro -- a brief introduction and overview of Perl

DESCRIPTION

What is Perl?

Running Perl programs

Basic syntax overview

Perl variable types

Scalars, Arrays, Hashes

Variable scoping

Conditional and looping constructs

if, while, for, foreach

Builtin operators and functions

Arithmetic, Numeric comparison, String comparison, Boolean logic, Miscellaneous

Files and I/O

Regular expressions

Simple matching, Simple substitution, More complex regular expressions, Parentheses for capturing, Other regexp features

Writing subroutines

OO Perl

Using Perl modules

AUTHOR

perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2002/03/11 21:32:23 $)

DESCRIPTION

perlfaq: Structural overview of the FAQ.

perlfaq1: General Questions About Perl

perlfaq2: Obtaining and Learning about Perl

perlfaq3: Programming Tools

perlfaq4: Data Manipulation

perlfaq5: Files and Formats

perlfaq6: Regular Expressions

perlfaq7: General Perl Language Issues

perlfaq8: System Interaction

perlfaq9: Networking

About the perlfaq documents

Where to get the perlfaq

How to contribute to the perlfaq

What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the authors

Credits

Author and Copyright Information

Bundled Distributions

Disclaimer

Changes

1/November/2000, 23/May/99, 13/April/99, 7/January/99, 22/June/98, 24/April/97, 23/April/97, 25/March/97, 18/March/97, 17/March/97 Version, Initial Release: 11/March/97

perlbook - Perl book information

DESCRIPTION

perlsyn - Perl syntax

DESCRIPTION

Declarations

Simple statements

Compound statements

Loop Control

For Loops

Foreach Loops

Basic BLOCKs and Switch Statements

Goto

PODs: Embedded Documentation

Plain Old Comments (Not!)

perldata - Perl data types

DESCRIPTION

Variable names

Context

Scalar values

Scalar value constructors

List value constructors

Slices

Typeglobs and Filehandles

SEE ALSO

perlop - Perl operators and precedence

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Terms and List Operators (Leftward)

The Arrow Operator

Auto-increment and Auto-decrement

Exponentiation

Symbolic Unary Operators

Binding Operators

Multiplicative Operators

Additive Operators

Shift Operators

Named Unary Operators

Relational Operators

Equality Operators

Bitwise And

Bitwise Or and Exclusive Or

C-style Logical And

C-style Logical Or

Range Operators

Conditional Operator

Assignment Operators

Comma Operator

List Operators (Rightward)

Logical Not

Logical And

Logical or and Exclusive Or

C Operators Missing From Perl

unary &, unary *, (TYPE)

Quote and Quote-like Operators

Regexp Quote-Like Operators

?PATTERN?, m/PATTERN/cgimosx, /PATTERN/cgimosx, q/STRING/, 'STRING' , qq/STRING/, "STRING", qr/STRING/imosx, qx/STRING/, `STRING`, qw/STRING/, s/PATTERN/REPLACEMENT/egimosx, tr/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, y/SEARCHLIST/REPLACEMENTLIST/cds, <<EOF

Gory details of parsing quoted constructs

Finding the end, Removal of backslashes before delimiters, Interpolation, <<'EOF' , m'' , s''' , tr/// , y/// , '' , q// , "" , `` , qq// , qx// , <file*glob> , ?RE? , /RE/ , m/RE/ , s/RE/foo/ ,, Interpolation of regular expressions, Optimization of regular expressions

I/O Operators

Constant Folding

Bitwise String Operators

Integer Arithmetic

Floating-point Arithmetic

Bigger Numbers

perlsub - Perl subroutines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Private Variables via my()

Persistent Private Variables

Temporary Values via local()

Lvalue subroutines

Lvalue subroutines are EXPERIMENTAL

Passing Symbol Table Entries (typeglobs)

When to Still Use local()

Pass by Reference

Prototypes

Constant Functions

Overriding Built-in Functions

Autoloading

Subroutine Attributes

SEE ALSO

perlfunc - Perl builtin functions

DESCRIPTION

Perl Functions by Category

Functions for SCALARs or strings, Regular expressions and pattern matching, Numeric functions, Functions for real @ARRAYs, Functions for list data, Functions for real %HASHes, Input and output functions, Functions for fixed length data or records, Functions for filehandles, files, or directories, Keywords related to the control flow of your perl program, Keywords related to scoping, Miscellaneous functions, Functions for processes and process groups, Keywords related to perl modules, Keywords related to classes and object-orientedness, Low-level socket functions, System V interprocess communication functions, Fetching user and group info, Fetching network info, Time-related functions, Functions new in perl5, Functions obsoleted in perl5

Portability

Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions

-X FILEHANDLE, -X EXPR, -X , abs VALUE, abs, accept NEWSOCKET,GENERICSOCKET, alarm SECONDS, alarm, atan2 Y,X, bind SOCKET,NAME, binmode FILEHANDLE, LAYER, binmode FILEHANDLE, bless REF,CLASSNAME, bless REF, caller EXPR, caller, chdir EXPR, chmod LIST, chomp VARIABLE, chomp( LIST ), chomp, chop VARIABLE, chop( LIST ), chop, chown LIST, chr NUMBER, chr, chroot FILENAME, chroot, close FILEHANDLE, close, closedir DIRHANDLE, connect SOCKET,NAME, continue BLOCK, cos EXPR, cos, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MASK, defined EXPR, defined, delete EXPR, die LIST, do BLOCK, do SUBROUTINE(LIST), do EXPR, dump LABEL, dump, each HASH, eof FILEHANDLE, eof (), eof, eval EXPR, eval BLOCK, exec LIST, exec PROGRAM LIST, exists EXPR, exit EXPR, exp EXPR, exp, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, fileno FILEHANDLE, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, format, formline PICTURE,LIST, getc FILEHANDLE, getc, getlogin, getpeername SOCKET, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, gethostbyname NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getprotobyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getservbyname NAME,PROTO, gethostbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, setpwent, setgrent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockname SOCKET, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, gmtime EXPR, goto LABEL, goto EXPR, goto &NAME, grep BLOCK LIST, grep EXPR,LIST, hex EXPR, hex, import, index STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, index STR,SUBSTR, int EXPR, int, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, join EXPR,LIST, keys HASH, kill SIGNAL, LIST, last LABEL, last, lc EXPR, lc, lcfirst EXPR, lcfirst, length EXPR, length, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, listen SOCKET,QUEUESIZE, local EXPR, localtime EXPR, lock THING, log EXPR, log, lstat EXPR, lstat, m//, map BLOCK LIST, map EXPR,LIST, mkdir FILENAME,MASK, mkdir FILENAME, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, my EXPR, my TYPE EXPR, my EXPR : ATTRS, my TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, next LABEL, next, no Module VERSION LIST, no Module VERSION, no Module LIST, no Module, oct EXPR, oct, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,EXPR,LIST, open FILEHANDLE,MODE,REFERENCE, open FILEHANDLE, opendir DIRHANDLE,EXPR, ord EXPR, ord, our EXPR, our EXPR TYPE, our EXPR : ATTRS, our TYPE EXPR : ATTRS, pack TEMPLATE,LIST, package NAMESPACE, package, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, pop ARRAY, pop, pos SCALAR, pos, print FILEHANDLE LIST, print LIST, print, printf FILEHANDLE FORMAT, LIST, printf FORMAT, LIST, prototype FUNCTION, push ARRAY,LIST, q/STRING/, qq/STRING/, qr/STRING/, qx/STRING/, qw/STRING/, quotemeta EXPR, quotemeta, rand EXPR, rand, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, read FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, readdir DIRHANDLE, readline EXPR, readlink EXPR, readlink, readpipe EXPR, recv SOCKET,SCALAR,LENGTH,FLAGS, redo LABEL, redo, ref EXPR, ref, rename OLDNAME,NEWNAME, require VERSION, require EXPR, require, reset EXPR, reset, return EXPR, return, reverse LIST, rewinddir DIRHANDLE, rindex STR,SUBSTR,POSITION, rindex STR,SUBSTR, rmdir FILENAME, rmdir, s///, scalar EXPR, seek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, seekdir DIRHANDLE,POS, select FILEHANDLE, select, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS,TO, send SOCKET,MSG,FLAGS, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shift ARRAY, shift, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, shutdown SOCKET,HOW, sin EXPR, sin, sleep EXPR, sleep, socket SOCKET,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, sort SUBNAME LIST, sort BLOCK LIST, sort LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH,LIST, splice ARRAY,OFFSET,LENGTH, splice ARRAY,OFFSET, splice ARRAY, split /PATTERN/,EXPR,LIMIT, split /PATTERN/,EXPR, split /PATTERN/, split, sprintf FORMAT, LIST, format parameter index, flags, vector flag, (minimum) width, precision, or maximum width, size, order of arguments, sqrt EXPR, sqrt, srand EXPR, srand, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, study SCALAR, study, sub NAME BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) BLOCK, sub NAME : ATTRS BLOCK, sub NAME (PROTO) : ATTRS BLOCK, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH,REPLACEMENT, substr EXPR,OFFSET,LENGTH, substr EXPR,OFFSET, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, sysread FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, sysseek FILEHANDLE,POSITION,WHENCE, system LIST, system PROGRAM LIST, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH,OFFSET, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR,LENGTH, syswrite FILEHANDLE,SCALAR, tell FILEHANDLE, tell, telldir DIRHANDLE, tie VARIABLE,CLASSNAME,LIST, tied VARIABLE, time, times, tr///, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, uc EXPR, uc, ucfirst EXPR, ucfirst, umask EXPR, umask, undef EXPR, undef, unlink LIST, unlink, unpack TEMPLATE,EXPR, untie VARIABLE, unshift ARRAY,LIST, use Module VERSION LIST, use Module VERSION, use Module LIST, use Module, use VERSION, utime LIST, values HASH, vec EXPR,OFFSET,BITS, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS, wantarray, warn LIST, write FILEHANDLE, write EXPR, write, y///

perlreftut - Mark's very short tutorial about references

DESCRIPTION

Who Needs Complicated Data Structures?

The Solution

Syntax

Making References

Using References

An Example

Arrow Rule

Solution

The Rest

Summary

Credits

Distribution Conditions

perldsc - Perl Data Structures Cookbook

DESCRIPTION

arrays of arrays, hashes of arrays, arrays of hashes, hashes of hashes, more elaborate constructs

REFERENCES

COMMON MISTAKES

CAVEAT ON PRECEDENCE

WHY YOU SHOULD ALWAYS use strict

DEBUGGING

CODE EXAMPLES

ARRAYS OF ARRAYS

Declaration of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS

Generation of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS

Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF ARRAYS

HASHES OF ARRAYS

Declaration of a HASH OF ARRAYS

Generation of a HASH OF ARRAYS

Access and Printing of a HASH OF ARRAYS

ARRAYS OF HASHES

Declaration of an ARRAY OF HASHES

Generation of an ARRAY OF HASHES

Access and Printing of an ARRAY OF HASHES

HASHES OF HASHES

Declaration of a HASH OF HASHES

Generation of a HASH OF HASHES

Access and Printing of a HASH OF HASHES

MORE ELABORATE RECORDS

Declaration of MORE ELABORATE RECORDS

Declaration of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS

Generation of a HASH OF COMPLEX RECORDS

Database Ties

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

perlrequick - Perl regular expressions quick start

DESCRIPTION

The Guide

Simple word matching

Using character classes

Matching this or that

Grouping things and hierarchical matching

Extracting matches

Matching repetitions

More matching

Search and replace

The split operator

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

Acknowledgments

perlpod - the Plain Old Documentation format

DESCRIPTION

Ordinary Paragraph

Verbatim Paragraph

Command Paragraph

=head1  Heading Text _ , =head2  _Heading Text _ , =head3  _Heading Text _ , =head4  _Heading Text _ , =over  _indentlevel _ , =item  _stuff... _ , =back , =cut , =pod , =begin  _formatname _ , =end  _formatname _ , =for  _formatname I<text... >

Formatting Codes

I<text> -- italic text, B<text> -- bold text, C<code> -- code text, L<name> -- a hyperlink, E<escape> -- a character escape, F<filename> -- used for filenames, S<text> -- text contains non-breaking spaces, X<topic name> -- an index entry, Z<> -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code

The Intent

Embedding Pods in Perl Modules

Hints for Writing Pod

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

perlpodspec - Plain Old Documentation: format specification and notes

DESCRIPTION

Pod Definitions

Pod Commands

"=head1", "=head2", "=head3", "=head4", "=pod", "=cut", "=over", "=item", "=back", "=begin formatname", "=end formatname", "=for formatname text..."

Pod Formatting Codes

I<text> -- italic text, B<text> -- bold text, C<code> -- code text, F<filename> -- style for filenames, X<topic name> -- an index entry, Z<> -- a null (zero-effect) formatting code, L<name> -- a hyperlink, E<escape> -- a character escape, S<text> -- text contains non-breaking spaces

Notes on Implementing Pod Processors

About L<...> Codes

First:, Second:, Third:, Fourth:, Fifth:, Sixth:

About =over...=back Regions

About Data Paragraphs and "=begin/=end" Regions

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

perlstyle - Perl style guide

DESCRIPTION

perltrap - Perl traps for the unwary

DESCRIPTION

Awk Traps

C Traps

Sed Traps

Shell Traps

Perl Traps

Perl4 to Perl5 Traps

Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps, Parsing Traps, Numerical Traps, General data type traps, Context Traps - scalar, list contexts, Precedence Traps, General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc, Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps, OS Traps, DBM Traps, Unclassified Traps

Discontinuance, Deprecation, and BugFix traps

Discontinuance, Deprecation, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Discontinuance, BugFix, Discontinuance, Deprecation, Discontinuance, Discontinuance

Parsing Traps

Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing, Parsing

Numerical Traps

Numerical, Numerical, Numerical, Bitwise string ops

General data type traps

(Arrays), (Arrays), (Hashes), (Globs), (Globs), (Scalar String), (Constants), (Scalars), (Variable Suicide)

Context Traps - scalar, list contexts

(list context), (scalar context), (scalar context), (list, builtin)

Precedence Traps

Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence, Precedence

General Regular Expression Traps using s///, etc.

Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression, Regular Expression

Subroutine, Signal, Sorting Traps

(Signals), (Sort Subroutine), warn() won't let you specify a filehandle

OS Traps

(SysV), (SysV)

Interpolation Traps

Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation, Interpolation

DBM Traps

DBM, DBM

Unclassified Traps

require / do trap using returned value, split on empty string with LIMIT specified

perlrun - how to execute the Perl interpreter

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

#! and quoting on non-Unix systems

OS/2, MS-DOS, Win95/NT, Macintosh, VMS

Location of Perl

Command Switches

-0 [ digits ], -a , -C , -c , -d , -d: foo[=bar,baz] , -D letters , -D number , -e commandline , -F pattern , -h , -i [ extension ], -I directory , -l [ octnum ], -m [ - ] module , -M [ - ] module , -M [ - ] 'module ...' , -[mM] [ - ] module=arg[,arg]... , -n , -p , -P , -s , -S , -t , -T , -u , -U , -v , -V , -V: name , -w , -W , -X , -x directory

ENVIRONMENT

HOME, LOGDIR, PATH, PERL5LIB, PERL5OPT, PERLIO, :bytes, :crlf, :mmap, :perlio, :raw, :stdio, :unix, :utf8, :win32, PERLIO_DEBUG, PERLLIB, PERL5DB, PERL5SHELL (specific to the Win32 port), PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS, PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL, PERL_ENCODING, PERL_ROOT (specific to the VMS port), SYS$LOGIN (specific to the VMS port)

perldiag - various Perl diagnostics

DESCRIPTION

perllexwarn - Perl Lexical Warnings

DESCRIPTION

Default Warnings and Optional Warnings

What's wrong with -w and $^W

Controlling Warnings from the Command Line

-w , -W , -X

Backward Compatibility

Category Hierarchy

Fatal Warnings

Reporting Warnings from a Module

TODO

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

perldebtut - Perl debugging tutorial

DESCRIPTION

use strict

Looking at data and -w and v

help

Stepping through code

Placeholder for a, w, t, T

REGULAR EXPRESSIONS

OUTPUT TIPS

CGI

GUIs

SUMMARY

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

CONTRIBUTORS

perldebug - Perl debugging

DESCRIPTION

The Perl Debugger

Debugger Commands

h, h [command], h h, p expr, x [maxdepth] expr, V [pkg [vars]], X [vars], y [level [vars]], T, s [expr], n [expr], r, <CR>, c [line|sub], l, l min+incr, l min-max, l line, l subname, -, v [line], f filename, /pattern/, ?pattern?, L [abw], S [[!]regex], t, t expr, b, b [line] [condition], b subname [condition], b postpone subname [condition], b load filename, b compile subname, B line, B *, a [line] command, A line, A *, w expr, W expr, W *, o, o booloption .., o anyoption? .., o option=value .., < ?, < [ command ], << command, > ?, > command, >> command, { ?, { [ command ], {{ command, ! number, ! -number, ! pattern, !! cmd, source file, H -number, q or ^D, R, |dbcmd, ||dbcmd, command, m expr, M, man [manpage]

Configurable Options

recallCommand , ShellBang , pager , tkRunning , signalLevel , warnLevel , dieLevel , AutoTrace , LineInfo , inhibit_exit , PrintRet , ornaments , frame , maxTraceLen , windowSize , arrayDepth , hashDepth , dumpDepth , compactDump , veryCompact , globPrint , DumpDBFiles , DumpPackages , DumpReused , quote , HighBit , undefPrint , UsageOnly , TTY , noTTY , ReadLine , NonStop

Debugger input/output

Prompt, Multiline commands, Stack backtrace, Line Listing Format, Frame listing

Debugging compile-time statements

Debugger Customization

Readline Support

Editor Support for Debugging

The Perl Profiler

Debugging regular expressions

Debugging memory usage

SEE ALSO

BUGS

perlvar - Perl predefined variables

DESCRIPTION

Predefined Names

$ARG, $_, $a, $b, $< digits >, $MATCH, $&, $PREMATCH, $`, $POSTMATCH, $', $LAST_PAREN_MATCH, $+, $^N, @LAST_MATCH_END, @+, $MULTILINE_MATCHING, $*, HANDLE->input_line_number(EXPR), $INPUT_LINE_NUMBER, $NR, $, IO::Handle->input_record_separator(EXPR), $INPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $RS, $/, HANDLE->autoflush(EXPR), $OUTPUT_AUTOFLUSH, $|, IO::Handle->output_field_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_FIELD_SEPARATOR, $OFS, $,, IO::Handle->output_record_separator EXPR, $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR, $ORS, $\, $LIST_SEPARATOR, $", $SUBSCRIPT_SEPARATOR, $SUBSEP, $;, $OFMT, $#, HANDLE->format_page_number(EXPR), $FORMAT_PAGE_NUMBER, $%, HANDLE->format_lines_per_page(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_PER_PAGE, $=, HANDLE->format_lines_left(EXPR), $FORMAT_LINES_LEFT, $-, @LAST_MATCH_START, @-, $` is the same as substr($var, 0, $-[0]) , $& is the same as substr($var, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]) , $' is the same as substr($var, $+[0]) , $1 is the same as substr($var, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]) , $2 is the same as substr($var, $-[2], $+[2] - $-[2]) , $3 is the same as substr $var, $-[3], $+[3] - $-[3]) , HANDLE->format_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_NAME, $~, HANDLE->format_top_name(EXPR), $FORMAT_TOP_NAME, $^, IO::Handle->format_line_break_characters EXPR, $FORMAT_LINE_BREAK_CHARACTERS, $:, IO::Handle->format_formfeed EXPR, $FORMAT_FORMFEED, $^L, $ACCUMULATOR, $^A, $CHILD_ERROR, $?, ${^ENCODING}, $OS_ERROR, $ERRNO, $!, %!, $EXTENDED_OS_ERROR, $^E, $EVAL_ERROR, $@, $PROCESS_ID, $PID, $$, $REAL_USER_ID, $UID, $<, $EFFECTIVE_USER_ID, $EUID, $>, $REAL_GROUP_ID, $GID, $(, $EFFECTIVE_GROUP_ID, $EGID, $), $PROGRAM_NAME, $0, $[, $], $COMPILING, $^C, $DEBUGGING, $^D, $SYSTEM_FD_MAX, $^F, $^H, %^H, $INPLACE_EDIT, $^I, $^M, $OSNAME, $^O, ${^OPEN}, $PERLDB, $^P, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x100, 0x200, $LAST_REGEXP_CODE_RESULT, $^R, $EXCEPTIONS_BEING_CAUGHT, $^S, $BASETIME, $^T, ${^TAINT}, $PERL_VERSION, $^V, $WARNING, $^W, ${^WARNING_BITS}, ${^WIDE_SYSTEM_CALLS}, $EXECUTABLE_NAME, $^X, ARGV, $ARGV, @ARGV, ARGVOUT, @F, @INC, @_, %INC, %ENV, $ENV{expr}, %SIG, $SIG{expr}

Error Indicators

Technical Note on the Syntax of Variable Names

BUGS

perllol - Manipulating Arrays of Arrays in Perl

DESCRIPTION

Declaration and Access of Arrays of Arrays

Growing Your Own

Access and Printing

Slices

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

perlopentut - tutorial on opening things in Perl

DESCRIPTION

Open à la shell

Simple Opens

Pipe Opens

The Minus File

Mixing Reads and Writes

Filters

Open à la C

Permissions à la mode

Obscure Open Tricks

Re-Opening Files (dups)

Dispelling the Dweomer

Paths as Opens

Single Argument Open

Playing with STDIN and STDOUT

Other I/O Issues

Opening Non-File Files

Binary Files

File Locking

IO Layers

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT

HISTORY

perlpacktut - tutorial on pack and unpack

DESCRIPTION

The Basic Principle

Packing Text

Packing Numbers

Integers

Unpacking a Stack Frame

How to Eat an Egg on a Net

Floating point Numbers

Exotic Templates

Bit Strings

Uuencoding

Doing Sums

Unicode

Another Portable Binary Encoding

Lengths and Widths

String Lengths

Dynamic Templates

Packing and Unpacking C Structures

The Alignment Pit

Alignment, Take 2

Alignment, Take 3

Pointers for How to Use Them

Pack Recipes

Funnies Section

Authors

perlretut - Perl regular expressions tutorial

DESCRIPTION

Part 1: The basics

Simple word matching

Using character classes

Matching this or that

Grouping things and hierarchical matching

Extracting matches

Matching repetitions

Building a regexp

Using regular expressions in Perl

Part 2: Power tools

More on characters, strings, and character classes

Compiling and saving regular expressions

Embedding comments and modifiers in a regular expression

Non-capturing groupings

Looking ahead and looking behind

Using independent subexpressions to prevent backtracking

Conditional expressions

A bit of magic: executing Perl code in a regular expression

Pragmas and debugging

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

Acknowledgments

perlre - Perl regular expressions

DESCRIPTION

i, m, s, x

Regular Expressions

[1], [2], [3], cntrl, graph, print, punct, xdigit

Extended Patterns

(?#text) , (?imsx-imsx) , (?:pattern) , (?imsx-imsx:pattern) , (?=pattern) , (?!pattern) , (?<=pattern) , (?<!pattern) , (?{ code }) , (??{ code }) , (?>pattern) , (?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern) , (?(condition)yes-pattern)

Backtracking

Version 8 Regular Expressions

Warning on \1 vs $1

Repeated patterns matching zero-length substring

Combining pieces together

ST , S|T , S{REPEAT_COUNT} , S{min,max} , S{min,max}? , S? , S* , S+ , S?? , S*? , S+? , (?>S) , (?=S) , (?<=S) , (?!S) , (?<!S) , (??{ EXPR }) , (?(condition)yes-pattern|no-pattern)

Creating custom RE engines

BUGS

SEE ALSO

perlref - Perl references and nested data structures

NOTE

DESCRIPTION

Making References

Using References

Symbolic references

Not-so-symbolic references

Pseudo-hashes: Using an array as a hash

Function Templates

WARNING

SEE ALSO

perlform - Perl formats

DESCRIPTION

Format Variables

NOTES

Footers

Accessing Formatting Internals

WARNINGS

perlboot - Beginner's Object-Oriented Tutorial

DESCRIPTION

If we could talk to the animals...

Introducing the method invocation arrow

Invoking a barnyard

The extra parameter of method invocation

Calling a second method to simplify things

Inheriting the windpipes

A few notes about @ISA

Overriding the methods

Starting the search from a different place

The SUPER way of doing things

Where we're at so far...

A horse is a horse, of course of course -- or is it?

Invoking an instance method

Accessing the instance data

How to build a horse

Inheriting the constructor

Making a method work with either classes or instances

Adding parameters to a method

More interesting instances

A horse of a different color

Summary

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

perltoot - Tom's object-oriented tutorial for perl

DESCRIPTION

Creating a Class

Object Representation

Class Interface

Constructors and Instance Methods

Planning for the Future: Better Constructors

Destructors

Other Object Methods

Class Data

Accessing Class Data

Debugging Methods

Class Destructors

Documenting the Interface

Aggregation

Inheritance

Overridden Methods

Multiple Inheritance

UNIVERSAL: The Root of All Objects

Alternate Object Representations

Arrays as Objects

Closures as Objects

AUTOLOAD: Proxy Methods

Autoloaded Data Methods

Inherited Autoloaded Data Methods

Metaclassical Tools

Class::Struct

Data Members as Variables

NOTES

Object Terminology

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

COPYRIGHT

Acknowledgments

perltooc - Tom's OO Tutorial for Class Data in Perl

DESCRIPTION

Class Data in a Can

Class Data as Package Variables

Putting All Your Eggs in One Basket

Inheritance Concerns

The Eponymous Meta-Object

Indirect References to Class Data

Monadic Classes

Translucent Attributes

Class Data as Lexical Variables

Privacy and Responsibility

File-Scoped Lexicals

More Inheritance Concerns

Locking the Door and Throwing Away the Key

Translucency Revisited

NOTES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

HISTORY

perlobj - Perl objects

DESCRIPTION

An Object is Simply a Reference

A Class is Simply a Package

A Method is Simply a Subroutine

Method Invocation

Indirect Object Syntax

Default UNIVERSAL methods

isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )

Destructors

Summary

Two-Phased Garbage Collection

SEE ALSO

perlbot - Bag'o Object Tricks (the BOT)

DESCRIPTION

OO SCALING TIPS

INSTANCE VARIABLES

SCALAR INSTANCE VARIABLES

INSTANCE VARIABLE INHERITANCE

OBJECT RELATIONSHIPS

OVERRIDING SUPERCLASS METHODS

USING RELATIONSHIP WITH SDBM

THINKING OF CODE REUSE

CLASS CONTEXT AND THE OBJECT

INHERITING A CONSTRUCTOR

DELEGATION

perltie - how to hide an object class in a simple variable

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Tying Scalars

TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, UNTIE this, DESTROY this

Tying Arrays

TIEARRAY classname, LIST, FETCH this, index, STORE this, index, value, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST, UNTIE this, DESTROY this

Tying Hashes

USER, HOME, CLOBBER, LIST, TIEHASH classname, LIST, FETCH this, key, STORE this, key, value, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, EXISTS this, key, FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, UNTIE this, DESTROY this

Tying FileHandles

TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this, LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, UNTIE this, DESTROY this

UNTIE this

The untie Gotcha

SEE ALSO

BUGS

AUTHOR

perlipc - Perl interprocess communication (signals, fifos, pipes, safe subprocesses, sockets, and semaphores)

DESCRIPTION

Signals

Handling the SIGHUP Signal in Daemons

Named Pipes

Deferred Signals

Long running opcodes, Interrupting IO, Signals as "faults", Signals triggered by operating system state

Using open() for IPC

Filehandles

Background Processes

Complete Dissociation of Child from Parent

Safe Pipe Opens

Bidirectional Communication with Another Process

Bidirectional Communication with Yourself

Sockets: Client/Server Communication

Internet Line Terminators

Internet TCP Clients and Servers

Unix-Domain TCP Clients and Servers

TCP Clients with IO::Socket

A Simple Client

Proto , PeerAddr , PeerPort

A Webget Client

Interactive Client with IO::Socket

TCP Servers with IO::Socket

Proto, LocalPort, Listen, Reuse

UDP: Message Passing

SysV IPC

NOTES

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlfork - Perl's fork() emulation

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Behavior of other Perl features in forked pseudo-processes

$$ or $PROCESS_ID, %ENV, chdir() and all other builtins that accept filenames, wait() and waitpid(), kill(), exec(), exit(), Open handles to files, directories and network sockets

Resource limits

Killing the parent process

Lifetime of the parent process and pseudo-processes

CAVEATS AND LIMITATIONS

BEGIN blocks, Open filehandles, Forking pipe open() not yet implemented, Global state maintained by XSUBs, Interpreter embedded in larger application, Thread-safety of extensions

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlnumber - semantics of numbers and numeric operations in Perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Storing numbers

Numeric operators and numeric conversions

Flavors of Perl numeric operations

Arithmetic operators, ++, Arithmetic operators during use integer , Other mathematical operators, Bitwise operators, Bitwise operators during use integer , Operators which expect an integer, Operators which expect a string

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlthrtut - tutorial on threads in Perl

DESCRIPTION

Status

What Is A Thread Anyway?

Threaded Program Models

Boss/Worker

Work Crew

Pipeline

Native threads

What kind of threads are Perl threads?

Thread-Safe Modules

Thread Basics

Basic Thread Support

A Note about the Examples

Creating Threads

Giving up control

Waiting For A Thread To Exit

Ignoring A Thread

Threads And Data

Shared And Unshared Data

Thread Pitfalls: Races

Synchronization and control

Controlling access: lock()

A Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks

Queues: Passing Data Around

Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access

Basic semaphores

Advanced Semaphores

cond_wait() and cond_signal()

General Thread Utility Routines

What Thread Am I In?

Thread IDs

Are These Threads The Same?

What Threads Are Running?

A Complete Example

Performance considerations

Process-scope Changes

Thread-Safety of System Libraries

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introductory Texts

OS-Related References

Other References

Acknowledgements

AUTHOR

Copyrights

perlothrtut - old tutorial on threads in Perl

DESCRIPTION

What Is A Thread Anyway?

Threaded Program Models

Boss/Worker

Work Crew

Pipeline

Native threads

What kind of threads are perl threads?

Threadsafe Modules

Thread Basics

Basic Thread Support

Creating Threads

Giving up control

Waiting For A Thread To Exit

Errors In Threads

Ignoring A Thread

Threads And Data

Shared And Unshared Data

Thread Pitfall: Races

Controlling access: lock()

Thread Pitfall: Deadlocks

Queues: Passing Data Around

Threads And Code

Semaphores: Synchronizing Data Access

Basic semaphores, Advanced Semaphores

Attributes: Restricting Access To Subroutines

Subroutine Locks

Methods

Locking A Subroutine

General Thread Utility Routines

What Thread Am I In?

Thread IDs

Are These Threads The Same?

What Threads Are Running?

A Complete Example

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introductory Texts

OS-Related References

Other References

Acknowledgements

AUTHOR

Copyrights

perlport - Writing portable Perl

DESCRIPTION

Not all Perl programs have to be portable, Nearly all of Perl already is portable

ISSUES

Newlines

Numbers endianness and Width

Files and Filesystems

System Interaction

Command names versus file pathnames

Interprocess Communication (IPC)

External Subroutines (XS)

Standard Modules

Time and Date

Character sets and character encoding

Internationalisation

System Resources

Security

Style

CPAN Testers

Mailing list: cpan-testers@perl.example.com.org, Testing results: http://testers.cpan.org/

PLATFORMS

Unix

DOS and Derivatives

Mac OS

VMS

VOS

EBCDIC Platforms

Acorn RISC OS

Other perls

FUNCTION IMPLEMENTATIONS

Alphabetical Listing of Perl Functions

- X FILEHANDLE, - X EXPR, - X , alarm SECONDS, alarm, binmode FILEHANDLE, chmod LIST, chown LIST, chroot FILENAME, chroot, crypt PLAINTEXT,SALT, dbmclose HASH, dbmopen HASH,DBNAME,MODE, dump LABEL, exec LIST, exit EXPR, exit, fcntl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, flock FILEHANDLE,OPERATION, fork, getlogin, getpgrp PID, getppid, getpriority WHICH,WHO, getpwnam NAME, getgrnam NAME, getnetbyname NAME, getpwuid UID, getgrgid GID, getnetbyaddr ADDR,ADDRTYPE, getprotobynumber NUMBER, getservbyport PORT,PROTO, getpwent, getgrent, gethostent, getnetent, getprotoent, getservent, sethostent STAYOPEN, setnetent STAYOPEN, setprotoent STAYOPEN, setservent STAYOPEN, endpwent, endgrent, endhostent, endnetent, endprotoent, endservent, getsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME, glob EXPR, glob, ioctl FILEHANDLE,FUNCTION,SCALAR, kill SIGNAL, LIST, link OLDFILE,NEWFILE, lstat FILEHANDLE, lstat EXPR, lstat, msgctl ID,CMD,ARG, msgget KEY,FLAGS, msgsnd ID,MSG,FLAGS, msgrcv ID,VAR,SIZE,TYPE,FLAGS, open FILEHANDLE,EXPR, open FILEHANDLE, pipe READHANDLE,WRITEHANDLE, readlink EXPR, readlink, select RBITS,WBITS,EBITS,TIMEOUT, semctl ID,SEMNUM,CMD,ARG, semget KEY,NSEMS,FLAGS, semop KEY,OPSTRING, setgrent, setpgrp PID,PGRP, setpriority WHICH,WHO,PRIORITY, setpwent, setsockopt SOCKET,LEVEL,OPTNAME,OPTVAL, shmctl ID,CMD,ARG, shmget KEY,SIZE,FLAGS, shmread ID,VAR,POS,SIZE, shmwrite ID,STRING,POS,SIZE, sockatmark SOCKET, socketpair SOCKET1,SOCKET2,DOMAIN,TYPE,PROTOCOL, stat FILEHANDLE, stat EXPR, stat, symlink OLDFILE,NEWFILE, syscall LIST, sysopen FILEHANDLE,FILENAME,MODE,PERMS, system LIST, times, truncate FILEHANDLE,LENGTH, truncate EXPR,LENGTH, umask EXPR, umask, utime LIST, wait, waitpid PID,FLAGS

CHANGES

v1.48, 02 February 2001, v1.47, 22 March 2000, v1.46, 12 February 2000, v1.45, 20 December 1999, v1.44, 19 July 1999, v1.43, 24 May 1999, v1.42, 22 May 1999, v1.41, 19 May 1999, v1.40, 11 April 1999, v1.39, 11 February 1999, v1.38, 31 December 1998, v1.37, 19 December 1998, v1.36, 9 September 1998, v1.35, 13 August 1998, v1.33, 06 August 1998, v1.32, 05 August 1998, v1.30, 03 August 1998, v1.23, 10 July 1998

Supported Platforms

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS / CONTRIBUTORS

perllocale - Perl locale handling (internationalization and localization)

DESCRIPTION

PREPARING TO USE LOCALES

USING LOCALES

The use locale pragma

The setlocale function

Finding locales

LOCALE PROBLEMS

Temporarily fixing locale problems

Permanently fixing locale problems

Permanently fixing your system's locale configuration

Fixing system locale configuration

The localeconv function

I18N::Langinfo

LOCALE CATEGORIES

Category LC_COLLATE: Collation

Category LC_CTYPE: Character Types

Category LC_NUMERIC: Numeric Formatting

Category LC_MONETARY: Formatting of monetary amounts

LC_TIME

Other categories

SECURITY

ENVIRONMENT

PERL_BADLANG, LC_ALL, LANGUAGE, LC_CTYPE, LC_COLLATE, LC_MONETARY, LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME, LANG

NOTES

Backward compatibility

I18N:Collate obsolete

Sort speed and memory use impacts

write() and LC_NUMERIC

Freely available locale definitions

I18n and l10n

An imperfect standard

Unicode and UTF-8

BUGS

Broken systems

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perluniintro - Perl Unicode introduction

DESCRIPTION

Unicode

Perl's Unicode Support

Perl's Unicode Model

Unicode and EBCDIC

Creating Unicode

Handling Unicode

Legacy Encodings

Unicode I/O

Displaying Unicode As Text

Special Cases

Advanced Topics

Miscellaneous

Questions With Answers

Hexadecimal Notation

Further Resources

UNICODE IN OLDER PERLS

SEE ALSO

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

AUTHOR, COPYRIGHT, AND LICENSE

perlunicode - Unicode support in Perl

DESCRIPTION

Important Caveats

Input and Output Layers, Regular Expressions, use utf8 still needed to enable UTF-8/UTF-EBCDIC in scripts

Byte and Character Semantics

Effects of Character Semantics

Scripts

Blocks

User-Defined Character Properties

Character Encodings for Input and Output

Unicode Regular Expression Support Level

Unicode Encodings

Security Implications of Unicode

Unicode in Perl on EBCDIC

Locales

Using Unicode in XS

BUGS

Interaction with Locales

Interaction with Extensions

Speed

SEE ALSO

perlebcdic - Considerations for running Perl on EBCDIC platforms

DESCRIPTION

COMMON CHARACTER CODE SETS

ASCII

ISO 8859

Latin 1 (ISO 8859-1)

EBCDIC

13 variant characters

0037

1047

POSIX-BC

Unicode code points versus EBCDIC code points

Remaining Perl Unicode problems in EBCDIC

Unicode and UTF

Using Encode

SINGLE OCTET TABLES

recipe 0, recipe 1, recipe 2, recipe 3, recipe 4, recipe 5, recipe 6

IDENTIFYING CHARACTER CODE SETS

CONVERSIONS

tr///

iconv

C RTL

OPERATOR DIFFERENCES

FUNCTION DIFFERENCES

chr(), ord(), pack(), print(), printf(), sort(), sprintf(), unpack()

REGULAR EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES

SOCKETS

SORTING

Ignore ASCII vs. EBCDIC sort differences.

MONO CASE then sort data.

Convert, sort data, then re convert.

Perform sorting on one type of machine only.

TRANSFORMATION FORMATS

URL decoding and encoding

uu encoding and decoding

Quoted-Printable encoding and decoding

Caesarian ciphers

Hashing order and checksums

I18N AND L10N

MULTI OCTET CHARACTER SETS

OS ISSUES

OS/400

IFS access

OS/390, z/OS

chcp, dataset access, OS/390, z/OS iconv, locales

VM/ESA?

POSIX-BC?

BUGS

SEE ALSO

REFERENCES

HISTORY

AUTHOR

perlsec - Perl security

DESCRIPTION

Laundering and Detecting Tainted Data

Switches On the "#!" Line

Cleaning Up Your Path

Security Bugs

Protecting Your Programs

Unicode

SEE ALSO

perlmod - Perl modules (packages and symbol tables)

DESCRIPTION

Packages

Symbol Tables

Package Constructors and Destructors

Perl Classes

Perl Modules

Making your module threadsafe

SEE ALSO

perlmodinstall - Installing CPAN Modules

DESCRIPTION

PREAMBLE

DECOMPRESS the file, UNPACK the file into a directory, BUILD the module (sometimes unnecessary), INSTALL the module

PORTABILITY

HEY

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

perlmodlib - constructing new Perl modules and finding existing ones

DESCRIPTION

THE PERL MODULE LIBRARY

Pragmatic Modules

attributes, attrs, autouse, base, bigint, bignum, bigrat, blib, bytes, charnames, constant, diagnostics, encoding, fields, filetest, if, integer, less, locale, open, ops, overload, re, sigtrap, sort, strict, subs, threads, utf8, vars, vmsish, warnings, warnings::register

Standard Modules

AnyDBM_File, Attribute::Handlers, AutoLoader, AutoSplit, B, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref, Benchmark, ByteLoader, CGI, CGI::Apache, CGI::Carp, CGI::Cookie, CGI::Fast, CGI::Pretty, CGI::Push, CGI::Switch, CGI::Util, CPAN, CPAN::FirstTime, CPAN::Nox, Carp, Carp::Heavy, Class::ISA, Class::Struct, Config, Cwd, DB, DB_File, Devel::SelfStubber, Digest, DirHandle, Dumpvalue, Encode, English, Env, Errno, Exporter, Exporter::Heavy, ExtUtils::Command, ExtUtils::Command::MM, ExtUtils::Constant, ExtUtils::Embed, ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Liblist, ExtUtils::MM, ExtUtils::MM_Any, ExtUtils::MM_BeOS, ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin, ExtUtils::MM_DOS, ExtUtils::MM_MacOS, ExtUtils::MM_NW5, ExtUtils::MM_OS2, ExtUtils::MM_UWIN, ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::MM_VMS, ExtUtils::MM_Win32, ExtUtils::MM_Win95, ExtUtils::MY, ExtUtils::MakeMaker, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap, ExtUtils::Mksymlists, ExtUtils::Packlist, ExtUtils::testlib, Fatal, Fcntl, File::Basename, File::CheckTree, File::Compare, File::Copy, File::DosGlob, File::Find, File::Path, File::Spec, File::Spec::Cygwin, File::Spec::Epoc, File::Spec::Functions, File::Spec::Mac, File::Spec::OS2, File::Spec::Unix, File::Spec::VMS, File::Spec::Win32, File::Temp, File::stat, FileCache, FileHandle, Filter::Simple, FindBin, Getopt::Long, Getopt::Std, Hash::Util, I18N::Collate, I18N::LangTags, I18N::LangTags::List, IO, IPC::Open2, IPC::Open3, Locale::Constants, Locale::Country, Locale::Currency, Locale::Language, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::TPJ13, Locale::Script, Math::BigFloat, Math::BigInt, Math::BigInt::Calc, Math::BigRat, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Memoize, Memoize::AnyDBM_File, Memoize::Expire, Memoize::ExpireFile, Memoize::ExpireTest, Memoize::NDBM_File, Memoize::SDBM_File, Memoize::Storable, NDBM_File, NEXT, Net::Cmd, Net::Config, Net::Domain, Net::FTP, Net::NNTP, Net::Netrc, Net::POP3, Net::Ping, Net::SMTP, Net::Time, Net::hostent, Net::libnetFAQ, Net::netent, Net::protoent, Net::servent, O, ODBM_File, Opcode, POSIX, PerlIO, PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint, Pod::Checker, Pod::Find, Pod::Functions, Pod::Html, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Man, Pod::ParseLink, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Parser, Pod::Plainer, Pod::Select, Pod::Text, Pod::Text::Color, Pod::Text::Overstrike, Pod::Text::Termcap, Pod::Usage, SDBM_File, Safe, Search::Dict, SelectSaver, SelfLoader, Shell, Socket, Storable, Switch, Symbol, Term::ANSIColor, Term::Cap, Term::Complete, Term::ReadLine, Test, Test::Builder, Test::Harness, Test::Harness::Assert, Test::Harness::Iterator, Test::Harness::Straps, Test::More, Test::Simple, Test::Tutorial, Text::Abbrev, Text::Balanced, Text::ParseWords, Text::Soundex, Text::Tabs, Text::Wrap, Thread, Thread::Queue, Thread::Semaphore, Tie::Array, Tie::File, Tie::Handle, Tie::Hash, Tie::Memoize, Tie::RefHash, Tie::Scalar, Tie::SubstrHash, Time::Local, Time::gmtime, Time::localtime, Time::tm, UNIVERSAL, Unicode::Collate, Unicode::UCD, User::grent, User::pwent, Win32

Extension Modules

CPAN

Africa

South Africa

Asia

China, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand

Central America

Costa Rica

Europe

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom

North America

Alberta, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Mexico

United States

Alabama, California, Colorado, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, ashington, Wisconsin

Oceania

Australia, New Zealand

South America

Argentina, Brazil, Chile

RSYNC Mirrors

Modules: Creation, Use, and Abuse

Guidelines for Module Creation

Guidelines for Converting Perl 4 Library Scripts into Modules

Guidelines for Reusing Application Code

NOTE

perlmodstyle - Perl module style guide

INTRODUCTION

QUICK CHECKLIST

Before you start

The API

Stability

Documentation

Release considerations

BEFORE YOU START WRITING A MODULE

Has it been done before?

Do one thing and do it well

What's in a name?

DESIGNING AND WRITING YOUR MODULE

To OO or not to OO?

Designing your API

Write simple routines to do simple things, Separate functionality from output, Provide sensible shortcuts and defaults, Naming conventions, Parameter passing

Strictness and warnings

Backwards compatibility

Error handling and messages

DOCUMENTING YOUR MODULE

POD

README, INSTALL, release notes, changelogs

RELEASE CONSIDERATIONS

Version numbering

Pre-requisites

Testing

Packaging

Licensing

COMMON PITFALLS

Reinventing the wheel

Trying to do too much

Inappropriate documentation

SEE ALSO

perlstyle, perlnewmod, perlpod, podchecker?, Testing tools, http://pause.perl.org/, Any good book on software engineering

AUTHOR

perlnewmod - preparing a new module for distribution

DESCRIPTION

Warning

What should I make into a module?

Step-by-step: Preparing the ground

Look around, Check it's new, Discuss the need, Choose a name, Check again

Step-by-step: Making the module

Start with h2xs , Use strict and warnings, Use Carp, Use Exporter - wisely!, Use plain old documentation, Write tests, Write the README

Step-by-step: Distributing your module

Get a CPAN user ID, perl Makefile.PL; make test; make dist , Upload the tarball, Announce to the modules list, Announce to clpa, Fix bugs!

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2002/04/07 18:46:13 $)

DESCRIPTION

What is Perl?

Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free?

Which version of Perl should I use?

What are perl4 and perl5?

What is perl6?

How stable is Perl?

Is Perl difficult to learn?

How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl?

Can I do [task] in Perl?

When shouldn't I program in Perl?

What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"?

Is it a Perl program or a Perl script?

What is a JAPH?

Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms?

How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl ($Revision: 1.13 $, $Date: 2002/04/26 16:56:35 $)

DESCRIPTION

What machines support Perl? Where do I get it?

How can I get a binary version of Perl?

I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl?

I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't work.

I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work?

What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean?

Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl?

Where can I get information on Perl?

What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions?

Where should I post source code?

Perl Books

References, Tutorials, Task-Oriented, Special Topics

Perl in Magazines

Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access

What mailing lists are there for Perl?

Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc

Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl?

Where do I send bug reports?

What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq3 - Programming Tools ($Revision: 1.22 $, $Date: 2002/05/06 13:11:13 $)

DESCRIPTION

How do I do (anything)?

How can I use Perl interactively?

Is there a Perl shell?

How do I debug my Perl programs?

How do I profile my Perl programs?

How do I cross-reference my Perl programs?

Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl?

Is there a ctags for Perl?

Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor?

Komodo, The Object System, Open Perl IDE, PerlBuilder, visiPerl+, OptiPerl, CodeMagicCD, GNU Emacs, MicroEMACS, XEmacs, Elvis, Vile, Vim, Codewright, MultiEdit, SlickEdit, Bash, Ksh, Tcsh, Zsh, BBEdit and BBEdit Lite, Alpha

Where can I get Perl macros for vi?

Where can I get perl-mode for emacs?

How can I use curses with Perl?

How can I use X or Tk with Perl?

How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk?

How can I make my Perl program run faster?

How can I make my Perl program take less memory?

Don't slurp!, Use map and grep selectively, Avoid unnecessary quotes and stringification, Pass by reference, Tie large variables to disk

Is it unsafe to return a pointer to local data?

How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks?

How can I make my CGI script more efficient?

How can I hide the source for my Perl program?

How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C?

How can I compile Perl into Java?

How can I get #!perl to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]?

Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line?

Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system?

Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl?

Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming?

Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp]

I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in my C program; what am I doing wrong?

When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean?

What's MakeMaker?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation ($Revision: 1.25 $, $Date: 2002/05/30 07:04:25 $)

DESCRIPTION

Data: Numbers

Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)?

Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly?

Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions?

How do I convert between numeric representations?

How do I convert hexadecimal into decimal, How do I convert from decimal to hexadecimal, How do I convert from octal to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to octal, How do I convert from binary to decimal, How do I convert from decimal to binary

Why doesn't & work the way I want it to?

How do I multiply matrices?

How do I perform an operation on a series of integers?

How can I output Roman numerals?

Why aren't my random numbers random?

How do I get a random number between X and Y?

Data: Dates

How do I find the week-of-the-year/day-of-the-year?

How do I find the current century or millennium?

How can I compare two dates and find the difference?

How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds?

How can I find the Julian Day?

How do I find yesterday's date?

Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant?

Data: Strings

How do I validate input?

How do I unescape a string?

How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters?

How do I expand function calls in a string?

How do I find matching/nesting anything?

How do I reverse a string?

How do I expand tabs in a string?

How do I reformat a paragraph?

How can I access/change the first N letters of a string?

How do I change the Nth occurrence of something?

How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string?

How do I capitalize all the words on one line?

How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside [character]? (Comma-separated files)

How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string?

How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes?

How do I extract selected columns from a string?

How do I find the soundex value of a string?

How can I expand variables in text strings?

What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"?

Why don't my <<HERE documents work?

1. There must be no space after the << part, 2. There (probably) should be a semicolon at the end, 3. You can't (easily) have any space in front of the tag

Data: Arrays

What is the difference between a list and an array?

What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]?

How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array?

a), b), c), d), e)

How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or array?

How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of two arrays?

How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal?

How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true?

How do I handle linked lists?

How do I handle circular lists?

How do I shuffle an array randomly?

How do I process/modify each element of an array?

How do I select a random element from an array?

How do I permute N elements of a list?

How do I sort an array by (anything)?

How do I manipulate arrays of bits?

Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes?

Data: Hashes (Associative Arrays)

How do I process an entire hash?

What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over it?

How do I look up a hash element by value?

How can I know how many entries are in a hash?

How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)?

How can I always keep my hash sorted?

What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes?

Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction?

How do I reset an each() operation part-way through?

How can I get the unique keys from two hashes?

How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file?

How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it?

Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it?

How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array of hashes or arrays?

How can I use a reference as a hash key?

Data: Misc

How do I handle binary data correctly?

How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float?

How do I keep persistent data across program calls?

How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure?

How do I define methods for every class/object?

How do I verify a credit card checksum?

How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq5 - Files and Formats ($Revision: 1.18 $, $Date: 2002/05/30 07:04:25 $)

DESCRIPTION

How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this?

How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file?

How do I count the number of lines in a file?

How do I make a temporary file name?

How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files?

How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles?

How can I use a filehandle indirectly?

How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()?

How can I write() into a string?

How can I output my numbers with commas added?

How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename?

How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out?

Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use <*>?

Is there a leak/bug in glob()?

How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks?

How can I reliably rename a file?

How can I lock a file?

Why can't I just open(FH, ">file.lock")?

I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this?

All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a file. Do I still have to use locking?

How do I randomly update a binary file?

How do I get a file's timestamp in perl?

How do I set a file's timestamp in perl?

How do I print to more than one file at once?

How can I read in an entire file all at once?

How can I read in a file by paragraphs?

How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard?

How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle?

How do I do a tail -f in perl?

How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl?

How do I close a file descriptor by number?

Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? Why doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` work?

Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files?

Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does -i clobber protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl?

How do I select a random line from a file?

Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions ($Revision: 1.12 $, $Date: 2002/06/01 22:31:09 $)

DESCRIPTION

How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code?

Comments Outside the Regex, Comments Inside the Regex, Different Delimiters

I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong?

How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on different lines?

I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong?

How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS?

How can I make \w match national character sets?

How can I match a locale-smart version of /[a-zA-Z]/ ?

How can I quote a variable to use in a regex?

What is /o really for?

How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file?

Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text?

What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it?

How do I process each word on each line?

How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary?

How can I do approximate matching?

How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once?

Why don't word-boundary searches with \b work for me?

Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down?

What good is \G in a regular expression?

Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant?

What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context?

How can I match strings with multibyte characters?

How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2002/03/26 15:48:32 $)

DESCRIPTION

Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language?

What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to use them?

Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and commas?

How do I skip some return values?

How do I temporarily block warnings?

What's an extension?

Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators?

How do I declare/create a structure?

How do I create a module?

How do I create a class?

How can I tell if a variable is tainted?

What's a closure?

What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it?

How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, Regex}?

Passing Variables and Functions, Passing Filehandles, Passing Regexes, Passing Methods

How do I create a static variable?

What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between local() and my()?

How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical is in scope?

What's the difference between deep and shallow binding?

Why doesn't "my($foo) = <FILE>;" work right?

How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method?

What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()?

How do I create a switch or case statement?

How can I catch accesses to undefined variables/functions/methods?

Why can't a method included in this same file be found?

How can I find out my current package?

How can I comment out a large block of perl code?

How do I clear a package?

How can I use a variable as a variable name?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq8 - System Interaction ($Revision: 1.8 $, $Date: 2002/05/16 12:41:42 $)

DESCRIPTION

How do I find out which operating system I'm running under?

How come exec() doesn't return?

How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse?

Keyboard, Screen, Mouse

How do I print something out in color?

How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key?

How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard?

How do I clear the screen?

How do I get the screen size?

How do I ask the user for a password?

How do I read and write the serial port?

lockfiles, open mode, end of line, flushing output, non-blocking input

How do I decode encrypted password files?

How do I start a process in the background?

STDIN, STDOUT, and STDERR are shared, Signals, Zombies

How do I trap control characters/signals?

How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system?

How do I set the time and date?

How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second?

How can I measure time under a second?

How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling)

Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean?

How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl?

Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()?

Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems?

How can I open a pipe both to and from a command?

Why can't I get the output of a command with system()?

How can I capture STDERR from an external command?

Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails?

What's wrong with using backticks in a void context?

How can I call backticks without shell processing?

Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)?

How can I convert my shell script to perl?

Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session?

How can I write expect in Perl?

Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as "ps"?

I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible?

Unix

How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete?

How do I fork a daemon process?

How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not?

How do I timeout a slow event?

How do I set CPU limits?

How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system?

How do I use an SQL database?

How do I make a system() exit on control-C?

How do I open a file without blocking?

How do I install a module from CPAN?

What's the difference between require and use?

How do I keep my own module/library directory?

How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library search path?

How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime?

What is socket.ph and where do I get it?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlfaq9 - Networking ($Revision: 1.9 $, $Date: 2002/04/07 18:46:13 $)

DESCRIPTION

What is the correct form of response from a CGI script?

My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 Server Error)

How can I get better error messages from a CGI program?

How do I remove HTML from a string?

How do I extract URLs?

How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on another machine?

How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML?

How do I fetch an HTML file?

How do I automate an HTML form submission?

How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web?

How do I redirect to another page?

How do I put a password on my web pages?

How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl?

How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things?

How do I parse a mail header?

How do I decode a CGI form?

How do I check a valid mail address?

How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string?

How do I return the user's mail address?

How do I send mail?

How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message?

How do I read mail?

How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address?

How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups?

How do I fetch/put an FTP file?

How can I do RPC in Perl?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

perlcompile - Introduction to the Perl Compiler-Translator

DESCRIPTION

Layout

B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Lint, B::Deparse, B::Xref

Using The Back Ends

The Cross Referencing Back End

i, &, s, r

The Decompiling Back End

The Lint Back End

The Simple C Back End

The Bytecode Back End

The Optimized C Back End

Module List for the Compiler Suite

B, O, B::Asmdata, B::Assembler, B::Bblock, B::Bytecode, B::C, B::CC, B::Concise, B::Debug, B::Deparse, B::Disassembler, B::Lint, B::Showlex, B::Stackobj, B::Stash, B::Terse, B::Xref

KNOWN PROBLEMS

AUTHOR

perlembed - how to embed perl in your C program

DESCRIPTION

PREAMBLE

Use C from Perl? , Use a Unix program from Perl? , Use Perl from Perl? , Use C from C? , Use Perl from C?

ROADMAP

Compiling your C program

Adding a Perl interpreter to your C program

Calling a Perl subroutine from your C program

Evaluating a Perl statement from your C program

Performing Perl pattern matches and substitutions from your C program

Fiddling with the Perl stack from your C program

Maintaining a persistent interpreter

Execution of END blocks

Maintaining multiple interpreter instances

Using Perl modules, which themselves use C libraries, from your C program

Embedding Perl under Win32

MORAL

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

perldebguts - Guts of Perl debugging

DESCRIPTION

Debugger Internals

Writing Your Own Debugger

Frame Listing Output Examples

Debugging regular expressions

Compile-time output

anchored STRING at POS , floating STRING at POS1..POS2 , matching floating/anchored , minlen , stclass TYPE , noscan , isall , GPOS , plus , implicit , with eval , anchored(TYPE)

Types of nodes

Run-time output

Debugging Perl memory usage

Using $ENV{PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS}

buckets SMALLEST(APPROX)..GREATEST(APPROX) , Free/Used, Total sbrk(): SBRKed/SBRKs:CONTINUOUS , pad: 0 , heads: 2192 , chain: 0 , tail: 6144

Example of using -DL switch

717 , 002 , 054 , 602 , 702 , 704

-DL details

!!! , !! , !

Limitations of -DL statistics

SEE ALSO

perlxstut, perlXStut - Tutorial for writing XSUBs

DESCRIPTION

SPECIAL NOTES

make

Version caveat

Dynamic Loading versus Static Loading

TUTORIAL

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

What has gone on?

Writing good test scripts

EXAMPLE 3

What's new here?

Input and Output Parameters

The XSUBPP Program

The TYPEMAP file

Warning about Output Arguments

EXAMPLE 4

What has happened here?

Anatomy of .xs file

Getting the fat out of XSUBs

More about XSUB arguments

The Argument Stack

Extending your Extension

Documenting your Extension

Installing your Extension

EXAMPLE 5

New Things in this Example

EXAMPLE 6

New Things in this Example

EXAMPLE 7 (Coming Soon)

EXAMPLE 8 (Coming Soon)

EXAMPLE 9 Passing open files to XSes

Troubleshooting these Examples

See also

Author

Last Changed

perlxs - XS language reference manual

DESCRIPTION

Introduction

On The Road

The Anatomy of an XSUB

The Argument Stack

The RETVAL Variable

The MODULE Keyword

The PACKAGE Keyword

The PREFIX Keyword

The OUTPUT: Keyword

The NO_OUTPUT Keyword

The CODE: Keyword

The INIT: Keyword

The NO_INIT Keyword

Initializing Function Parameters

Default Parameter Values

The PREINIT: Keyword

The SCOPE: Keyword

The INPUT: Keyword

The IN/OUTLIST/IN_OUTLIST/OUT/IN_OUT Keywords

The length(NAME) Keyword

Variable-length Parameter Lists

The C_ARGS: Keyword

The PPCODE: Keyword

Returning Undef And Empty Lists

The REQUIRE: Keyword

The CLEANUP: Keyword

The POSTCALL: Keyword

The BOOT: Keyword

The VERSIONCHECK: Keyword

The PROTOTYPES: Keyword

The PROTOTYPE: Keyword

The ALIAS: Keyword

The OVERLOAD: Keyword

The INTERFACE: Keyword

The INTERFACE_MACRO: Keyword

The INCLUDE: Keyword

The CASE: Keyword

The & Unary Operator

Inserting POD, Comments and C Preprocessor Directives

Using XS With C++

Interface Strategy

Perl Objects And C Structures

The Typemap

Safely Storing Static Data in XS

MY_CXT_KEY, typedef my_cxt_t, START_MY_CXT, MY_CXT_INIT, dMY_CXT, MY_CXT

EXAMPLES

XS VERSION

AUTHOR

perlclib - Internal replacements for standard C library functions

DESCRIPTION

Conventions

t , p , n , s

File Operations

File Input and Output

File Positioning

Memory Management and String Handling

Character Class Tests

stdlib.h functions

Miscellaneous functions

SEE ALSO

perlguts - Introduction to the Perl API

DESCRIPTION

Variables

Datatypes

What is an "IV"?

Working with SVs

Offsets

What's Really Stored in an SV?

Working with AVs

Working with HVs

Hash API Extensions

References

Blessed References and Class Objects

Creating New Variables

GV_ADDMULTI, GV_ADDWARN

Reference Counts and Mortality

Stashes and Globs

Double-Typed SVs

Magic Variables

Assigning Magic

Magic Virtual Tables

Finding Magic

Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays

Localizing changes

SAVEINT(int i) , SAVEIV(IV i) , SAVEI32(I32 i) , SAVELONG(long i) , SAVESPTR(s) , SAVEPPTR(p) , SAVEFREESV(SV sv) , SAVEMORTALIZESV(SV *sv) , SAVEFREEOP(OP *op) , SAVEFREEPV(p) , SAVECLEARSV(SV *sv) , SAVEDELETE(HV *hv, char *key, I32 length) , SAVEDESTRUCTOR(DESTRUCTORFUNC_NOCONTEXT_t f, void *p) , SAVEDESTRUCTOR_X(DESTRUCTORFUNC_t f, void *p) , SAVESTACK_POS() , SV save_scalar(GV gv) , AV save_ary(GV gv) , HV save_hash(GV gv) , void save_item(SV *item) , void save_list(SV **sarg, I32 maxsarg) , SV save_svref(SV **sptr) , void save_aptr(AV **aptr) , void save_hptr(HV **hptr)

Subroutines

XSUBs and the Argument Stack

Calling Perl Routines from within C Programs

Memory Allocation

PerlIO

Putting a C value on Perl stack

Scratchpads

Scratchpads and recursion

Compiled code

Code tree

Examining the tree

Compile pass 1: check routines

Compile pass 1a: constant folding

Compile pass 2: context propagation

Compile pass 3: peephole optimization

Pluggable runops

Examining internal data structures with the dump functions

How multiple interpreters and concurrency are supported

Background and PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT

So what happened to dTHR?

How do I use all this in extensions?

Should I do anything special if I call perl from multiple threads?

Future Plans and PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS

Internal Functions

A, p, d, s, n, r, f, M, o, j, x

Formatted Printing of IVs, UVs, and NVs

Pointer-To-Integer and Integer-To-Pointer

Source Documentation

Unicode Support

What is Unicode, anyway?

How can I recognise a UTF8 string?

How does UTF8 represent Unicode characters?

How does Perl store UTF8 strings?

How do I convert a string to UTF8?

Is there anything else I need to know?

Custom Operators

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

perlcall - Perl calling conventions from C

DESCRIPTION

An Error Handler, An Event Driven Program

THE CALL_ FUNCTIONS

call_sv, call_pv, call_method, call_argv

FLAG VALUES

G_VOID

G_SCALAR

G_ARRAY

G_DISCARD

G_NOARGS

G_EVAL

G_KEEPERR

Determining the Context

KNOWN PROBLEMS

EXAMPLES

No Parameters, Nothing returned

Passing Parameters

Returning a Scalar

Returning a list of values

Returning a list in a scalar context

Returning Data from Perl via the parameter list

Using G_EVAL

Using G_KEEPERR

Using call_sv

Using call_argv

Using call_method

Using GIMME_V

Using Perl to dispose of temporaries

Strategies for storing Callback Context Information

1. Ignore the problem - Allow only 1 callback, 2. Create a sequence of callbacks - hard wired limit, 3. Use a parameter to map to the Perl callback

Alternate Stack Manipulation

Creating and calling an anonymous subroutine in C

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

DATE

perlutil - utilities packaged with the Perl distribution

DESCRIPTION

DOCUMENTATION

perldoc?, pod2man? and pod2text?, pod2html? and pod2latex?, pod2usage?, podselect?, podchecker?, splain?, roffitall?

CONVERTORS

a2p?, s2p?, find2perl?

Administration

libnetcfg?

Development

perlbug, h2ph?, c2ph? and pstruct?, h2xs?, dprofpp?, perlcc

SEE ALSO

perlfilter - Source Filters

DESCRIPTION

CONCEPTS

USING FILTERS

WRITING A SOURCE FILTER

WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN C

Decryption Filters

CREATING A SOURCE FILTER AS A SEPARATE EXECUTABLE

WRITING A SOURCE FILTER IN PERL

USING CONTEXT: THE DEBUG FILTER

CONCLUSION

REQUIREMENTS

AUTHOR

Copyrights

perldbmfilter - Perl DBM Filters

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

filter_store_key , filter_store_value , filter_fetch_key , filter_fetch_value

The Filter

An Example -- the NULL termination problem.

Another Example -- Key is a C int.

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

perlapi - autogenerated documentation for the perl public API

DESCRIPTION

"Gimme" Values

GIMME, GIMME_V, G_ARRAY, G_DISCARD, G_EVAL, G_NOARGS, G_SCALAR, G_VOID

Array Manipulation Functions

AvFILL, av_clear, av_delete, av_exists, av_extend, av_fetch, av_fill, av_len, av_make, av_pop, av_push, av_shift, av_store, av_undef, av_unshift, get_av, newAV, Nullav, sortsv

Callback Functions

call_argv, call_method, call_pv, call_sv, ENTER, eval_pv, eval_sv, FREETMPS, LEAVE, SAVETMPS

Character classes

isALNUM, isALPHA, isDIGIT, isLOWER, isSPACE, isUPPER, toLOWER, toUPPER

Cloning an interpreter

perl_clone

CV Manipulation Functions

CvSTASH, get_cv, Nullcv

Embedding Functions

load_module, nothreadhook, perl_alloc, perl_construct, perl_destruct, perl_free, perl_parse, perl_run, require_pv

Functions in file pp_pack.c

pack_cat, unpack_str

Global Variables

PL_modglobal, PL_na, PL_sv_no, PL_sv_undef, PL_sv_yes

GV Functions

GvSV, gv_fetchmeth, gv_fetchmethod, gv_fetchmethod_autoload, gv_fetchmeth_autoload, gv_stashpv, gv_stashsv

Handy Values

HEf_SVKEY, Nullch, Nullsv

Hash Manipulation Functions

get_hv, HeHASH, HeKEY, HeKLEN, HePV, HeSVKEY, HeSVKEY_force, HeSVKEY_set, HeVAL, HvNAME, hv_clear, hv_delete, hv_delete_ent, hv_exists, hv_exists_ent, hv_fetch, hv_fetch_ent, hv_iterinit, hv_iterkey, hv_iterkeysv, hv_iternext, hv_iternextsv, hv_iternext_flags, hv_iterval, hv_magic, hv_store, hv_store_ent, hv_undef, newHV, Nullhv

Magical Functions

mg_clear, mg_copy, mg_find, mg_free, mg_get, mg_length, mg_magical, mg_set, SvGETMAGIC, SvLOCK, SvSETMAGIC, SvSetMagicSV, SvSetMagicSV_nosteal, SvSetSV, SvSetSV_nosteal, SvSHARE

Memory Management

Copy, Move, New, Newc, NEWSV, Newz, Poison, Renew, Renewc, Safefree, savepv, savepvn, savesharedpv, StructCopy, Zero

Miscellaneous Functions

fbm_compile, fbm_instr, form, getcwd_sv, strEQ, strGE, strGT, strLE, strLT, strNE, strnEQ, strnNE

Numeric functions

grok_bin, grok_hex, grok_number, grok_numeric_radix, grok_oct, scan_bin, scan_hex, scan_oct

Optree Manipulation Functions

cv_const_sv, newCONSTSUB, newXS

Stack Manipulation Macros

dMARK, dORIGMARK, dSP, EXTEND, MARK, ORIGMARK, POPi, POPl, POPn, POPp, POPpbytex, POPpx, POPs, PUSHi, PUSHMARK, PUSHn, PUSHp, PUSHs, PUSHu, PUTBACK, SP, SPAGAIN, XPUSHi, XPUSHn, XPUSHp, XPUSHs, XPUSHu, XSRETURN, XSRETURN_IV, XSRETURN_NO, XSRETURN_NV, XSRETURN_PV, XSRETURN_UNDEF, XSRETURN_YES, XST_mIV, XST_mNO, XST_mNV, XST_mPV, XST_mUNDEF, XST_mYES

SV Flags

svtype, SVt_IV, SVt_NV, SVt_PV, SVt_PVAV, SVt_PVCV, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVMG

SV Manipulation Functions

get_sv, looks_like_number, newRV_inc, newRV_noinc, newSV, newSViv, newSVnv, newSVpv, newSVpvf, newSVpvn, newSVpvn_share, newSVrv, newSVsv, newSVuv, new_vstring, SvCUR, SvCUR_set, SvEND, SvGROW, SvIOK, SvIOKp, SvIOK_notUV, SvIOK_off, SvIOK_on, SvIOK_only, SvIOK_only_UV, SvIOK_UV, SvIV, SvIVx, SvIVX, SvLEN, SvNIOK, SvNIOKp, SvNIOK_off, SvNOK, SvNOKp, SvNOK_off, SvNOK_on, SvNOK_only, SvNV, SvNVX, SvNVx, SvOK, SvOOK, SvPOK, SvPOKp, SvPOK_off, SvPOK_on, SvPOK_only, SvPOK_only_UTF8, SvPV, SvPVbyte, SvPVbytex, SvPVbytex_force, SvPVbyte_force, SvPVbyte_nolen, SvPVutf8, SvPVutf8x, SvPVutf8x_force, SvPVutf8_force, SvPVutf8_nolen, SvPVx, SvPVX, SvPV_force, SvPV_force_nomg, SvPV_nolen, SvREFCNT, SvREFCNT_dec, SvREFCNT_inc, SvROK, SvROK_off, SvROK_on, SvRV, SvSTASH, SvTAINT, SvTAINTED, SvTAINTED_off, SvTAINTED_on, SvTRUE, SvTYPE, SvUNLOCK, SvUOK, SvUPGRADE, SvUTF8, SvUTF8_off, SvUTF8_on, SvUV, SvUVX, SvUVx, sv_2bool, sv_2cv, sv_2io, sv_2iv, sv_2mortal, sv_2nv, sv_2pvbyte, sv_2pvbyte_nolen, sv_2pvutf8, sv_2pvutf8_nolen, sv_2pv_flags, sv_2pv_nolen, sv_2uv, sv_backoff, sv_bless, sv_catpv, sv_catpvf, sv_catpvf_mg, sv_catpvn, sv_catpvn_flags, sv_catpvn_mg, sv_catpv_mg, sv_catsv, sv_catsv_flags, sv_catsv_mg, sv_chop, sv_clear, sv_cmp, sv_cmp_locale, sv_collxfrm, sv_copypv, sv_dec, sv_derived_from, sv_eq, sv_force_normal, sv_force_normal_flags, sv_free, sv_gets, sv_grow, sv_inc, sv_insert, sv_isa, sv_isobject, sv_iv, sv_len, sv_len_utf8, sv_magic, sv_magicext, sv_mortalcopy, sv_newmortal, sv_newref, sv_nolocking, sv_nosharing, sv_nounlocking, sv_nv, sv_pos_b2u, sv_pos_u2b, sv_pv, sv_pvbyte, sv_pvbyten, sv_pvbyten_force, sv_pvn, sv_pvn_force, sv_pvn_force_flags, sv_pvutf8, sv_pvutf8n, sv_pvutf8n_force, sv_reftype, sv_replace, sv_report_used, sv_reset, sv_rvweaken, sv_setiv, sv_setiv_mg, sv_setnv, sv_setnv_mg, sv_setpv, sv_setpvf, sv_setpvf_mg, sv_setpvn, sv_setpvn_mg, sv_setpv_mg, sv_setref_iv, sv_setref_nv, sv_setref_pv, sv_setref_pvn, sv_setref_uv, sv_setsv, sv_setsv_flags, sv_setsv_mg, sv_setuv, sv_setuv_mg, sv_taint, sv_tainted, sv_true, sv_unmagic, sv_unref, sv_unref_flags, sv_untaint, sv_upgrade, sv_usepvn, sv_usepvn_mg, sv_utf8_decode, sv_utf8_downgrade, sv_utf8_encode, sv_utf8_upgrade, sv_utf8_upgrade_flags, sv_uv, sv_vcatpvfn, sv_vsetpvfn

Unicode Support

bytes_from_utf8, bytes_to_utf8, ibcmp_utf8, is_utf8_char, is_utf8_string, pv_uni_display, sv_recode_to_utf8, sv_uni_display, to_utf8_case, to_utf8_fold, to_utf8_lower, to_utf8_title, to_utf8_upper, utf8n_to_uvchr, utf8n_to_uvuni, utf8_distance, utf8_hop, utf8_length, utf8_to_bytes, utf8_to_uvchr, utf8_to_uvuni, uvchr_to_utf8, uvuni_to_utf8_flags

Variables created by xsubpp and xsubpp internal functions

ax, CLASS, dAX, dITEMS, dXSARGS, dXSI32, items, ix, newXSproto, RETVAL, ST, THIS, XS, XSRETURN_EMPTY, XS_VERSION, XS_VERSION_BOOTCHECK

Warning and Dieing

croak, warn

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

perlintern - autogenerated documentation of purely internal Perl functions

DESCRIPTION

Global Variables

PL_DBsingle, PL_DBsub, PL_DBtrace, PL_dowarn, PL_last_in_gv, PL_ofs_sv, PL_rs

GV Functions

is_gv_magical

IO Functions

start_glob

Pad Data Structures

CvPADLIST

Stack Manipulation Macros

djSP, LVRET

SV Manipulation Functions

report_uninit, sv_add_arena, sv_clean_all, sv_clean_objs, sv_free_arenas

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

perliol - C API for Perl's implementation of IO in Layers.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

History and Background

Layers vs Disciplines

Data Structures

Functions and Attributes

Per-instance Data

Layers in action.

Per-instance flag bits

PERLIO_F_EOF, PERLIO_F_CANWRITE, PERLIO_F_CANREAD, PERLIO_F_ERROR, PERLIO_F_TRUNCATE, PERLIO_F_APPEND, PERLIO_F_CRLF, PERLIO_F_UTF8, PERLIO_F_UNBUF, PERLIO_F_WRBUF, PERLIO_F_RDBUF, PERLIO_F_LINEBUF, PERLIO_F_TEMP, PERLIO_F_OPEN, PERLIO_F_FASTGETS

Methods in Detail

fsize, name, size, kind, PERLIO_K_BUFFERED, PERLIO_K_RAW, PERLIO_K_CANCRLF, PERLIO_K_FASTGETS, PERLIO_K_MULTIARG, Pushed, Popped, Open, Binmode, Getarg, Fileno, Dup, Read, Write, Seek, Tell, Close, Flush, Fill, Eof, Error, Clearerr, Setlinebuf, Get_base, Get_bufsiz, Get_ptr, Get_cnt, Set_ptrcnt

Core Layers

"unix", "perlio", "stdio", "crlf", "mmap", "pending", "raw", "utf8"

Extension Layers

":encoding", ":scalar", ":via"

TODO

perlapio - perl's IO abstraction interface.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

1. USE_STDIO, 2. USE_SFIO, 3. USE_PERLIO, PerlIO_stdin() , PerlIO_stdout() , PerlIO_stderr() , PerlIO_open(path, mode) , PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode) , PerlIO_reopen(path,mode,f) , PerlIO_printf(f,fmt,...) , PerlIO_vprintf(f,fmt,a) , PerlIO_stdoutf(fmt,...) , PerlIO_read(f,buf,count) , PerlIO_write(f,buf,count) , PerlIO_close(f) , PerlIO_puts(f,s) , PerlIO_putc(f,c) , PerlIO_ungetc(f,c) , PerlIO_getc(f) , PerlIO_eof(f) , PerlIO_error(f) , PerlIO_fileno(f) , PerlIO_clearerr(f) , PerlIO_flush(f) , PerlIO_seek(f,offset,whence) , PerlIO_tell(f) , PerlIO_getpos(f,p) , PerlIO_setpos(f,p) , PerlIO_rewind(f) , PerlIO_tmpfile() , PerlIO_setlinebuf(f)

Co-existence with stdio

PerlIO_importFILE(f,mode) , PerlIO_exportFILE(f,mode) , PerlIO_releaseFILE(p,f) , PerlIO_findFILE(f)

"Fast gets" Functions

PerlIO_fast_gets(f) , PerlIO_has_cntptr(f) , PerlIO_get_cnt(f) , PerlIO_get_ptr(f) , PerlIO_set_ptrcnt(f,p,c) , PerlIO_canset_cnt(f) , PerlIO_set_cnt(f,c) , PerlIO_has_base(f) , PerlIO_get_base(f) , PerlIO_get_bufsiz(f)

Other Functions

PerlIO_apply_layers(f,mode,layers), PerlIO_binmode(f,ptype,imode,layers), '<' read, '>' write, '+' read/write, PerlIO_debug(fmt,...)

perltodo - Perl TO-DO List

DESCRIPTION

To do during 5.6.x

Support for I/O disciplines

Autoload bytes.pm

Make "\u{XXXX}" et al work

Create a char *sv_pvprintify(sv, STRLEN *lenp, UV flags)

Overloadable regex assertions

Unicode

Work out exit/die semantics for threads

Better support for nonpreemptive threading systems like GNU pth

Typed lexicals for compiler

Compiler workarounds for Win32

AUTOLOADing in the compiler

Fixing comppadlist when compiling

Cleaning up exported namespace

Complete signal handling

Out-of-source builds

POSIX realtime support

UNIX98 support

IPv6 Support

Long double conversion

Locales

Arithmetic on non-Arabic numerals

POSIX Unicode character classes

Factoring out common suffices/prefices in regexps (trie optimization)

Security audit shipped utilities

Sort out the uid-setting mess

Custom opcodes

DLL Versioning

Introduce @( and @)

Floating point handling

IV/UV preservation

Replace pod2html with something using Pod::Parser

Automate module testing on CPAN

sendmsg and recvmsg

Rewrite perlre documentation

Convert example code to IO::Handle filehandles

Document Win32 choices

Check new modules

Make roffitall find pods and libs itself

To do at some point

Remove regular expression recursion

Memory leaks after failed eval

bitfields in pack

Cross compilation

Perl preprocessor / macros

Perl lexer in Perl

Using POSIX calls internally

-i rename file when changed

All ARGV input should act like <>

Support for rerunning debugger

Test Suite for the Debugger

my sub foo { }

One-pass global destruction

Rewrite regexp parser

Cache recently used regexps

Cross-compilation support

Bit-shifting bitvectors

debugger pragma

use less pragma

switch structures

Cache eval tree

rcatmaybe

Shrink opcode tables

Optimize away @_

Prototypes versus indirect objects

Install HTML

Prototype method calls

Return context prototype declarations

magic_setisa

Garbage collection

IO tutorial

Rewrite perldoc

Install .3p manpages

Unicode tutorial

Update POSIX.pm for 1003.1-2

Retargetable installation

POSIX emulation on non-POSIX systems

Rename Win32 headers

Finish off lvalue functions

Update sprintf documentation

Use fchown/fchmod internally

Make v-strings overloaded objects

Allow restricted hash assignment

Should overload be inheritable?

Taint rethink

Vague ideas

ref() in list context

Make tr/// return histogram of characters in list context

Compile to real threaded code

Structured types

Modifiable $1 et al.

Procedural interfaces for IO::*, etc.

RPC modules

Attach/detach debugger from running program

GUI::Native

foreach(reverse ...)

Constant function cache

Approximate regular expression matching

Ongoing

Update guts documentation

Add more tests

Update auxiliary tools

Create debugging macros

truncate to the people

Unicode in Filenames

Recently done things

Alternative RE syntax module

Safe signal handling

Tie Modules

gettimeofday

setitimer and getimiter

Testing DIE hook

CPP equivalent in Perl

Explicit switch statements

autocroak

UTF/EBCDIC

UTF Regexes

perlcc to produce executable

END blocks saved in compiled output

Secure temporary file module

Integrate Time::HiRes

Turn Cwd into XS

Mmap for input

Byte to/from UTF8 and UTF8 to/from local conversion

Add sockatmark support

Mailing list archives

Bug tracking

Integrate MacPerl

Web "nerve center" for Perl

Regular expression tutorial

Debugging Tutorial

Integrate new modules

Integrate profiler

Y2K error detection

Regular expression debugger

POD checker

"Dynamic" lexicals

Cache precompiled modules

Deprecated Wishes

Loop control on do{}

Lexically scoped typeglobs

format BOTTOM

report HANDLE

Generalised want()/caller())

Named prototypes

Built-in globbing

Regression tests for suidperl

Cached hash values

Add compression modules

Reorganise documentation into tutorials/references

Remove distinction between functions and operators

Make XS easier to use

Make embedding easier to use

man for perl

my $Package::variable

"or" tests defined, not truth

"class"-based lexicals

byteperl

Lazy evaluation / tail recursion removal

Make "use utf8" the default

Unicode collation and normalization

pack/unpack tutorial

perlhack - How to hack at the Perl internals

DESCRIPTION

Does concept match the general goals of Perl?, Where is the implementation?, Backwards compatibility, Could it be a module instead?, Is the feature generic enough?, Does it potentially introduce new bugs?, Does it preclude other desirable features?, Is the implementation robust?, Is the implementation generic enough to be portable?, Is the implementation tested?, Is there enough documentation?, Is there another way to do it?, Does it create too much work?, Patches speak louder than words

Keeping in sync

rsync'ing the source tree, Using rsync over the LAN, Using pushing over the NFS, rsync'ing the patches

Why rsync the source tree

It's easier to rsync the source tree, It's more reliable

Why rsync the patches

It's easier to rsync the patches, It's a good reference, Finding a start point, Finding how to fix a bug, Finding the source of misbehaviour

Perlbug remote interface

1 http://bugs.perl.org, 2 bugdb@perl.example.com.org, 3 commands_and_bugdids@bugs.example.com.perl.org, notes, patches, tests

Submitting patches

perlguts, perlxstut and perlxs, perlapi, Porting/pumpkin.pod , The perl5-porters FAQ

Finding Your Way Around

Core modules, Tests, Documentation, Configure, Interpreter

Elements of the interpreter

Startup, Parsing, Optimization, Running

Internal Variable Types

Op Trees

Stacks

Argument stack, Mark stack, Save stack

Millions of Macros

Poking at Perl

Using a source-level debugger

run [args], break function_name, break source.c:xxx, step, next, continue, finish, 'enter', print

Dumping Perl Data Structures

Patching

Patching a core module

Adding a new function to the core

Writing a test

t/base/ , t/cmd/ , t/comp/ , t/io/ , t/lib/ , t/op/ , t/pod/ , t/run/ , t/base t/comp, t/cmd t/run t/io t/op, t/lib ext lib

Special Make Test Targets

coretest, test.deparse, minitest, test.third check.third utest.third ucheck.third, test.torture torturetest, utest ucheck test.utf8 check.utf8

EXTERNAL TOOLS FOR DEBUGGING PERL

Rational Software's Purify

Purify on Unix

-Accflags=-DPURIFY, -Doptimize='-g', -Uusemymalloc, -Dusemultiplicity

Purify on NT

DEFINES, USE_MULTI = define, #PERL_MALLOC = define, CFG = Debug

Compaq's/Digital's/HP's Third Degree

PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL

Profiling

Gprof Profiling

-a, -b, -e routine, -f routine, -s, -z

GCC gcov Profiling

Pixie Profiling

-h, -l, -p[rocedures], -h[eavy], -i[nvocations], -l[ines], -testcoverage, -z[ero]

Miscellaneous tricks

CONCLUSION

The Road goes ever on and on, down from the door where it began.

AUTHOR

perlhist - the Perl history records

DESCRIPTION

INTRODUCTION

THE KEEPERS OF THE PUMPKIN

PUMPKIN?

THE RECORDS

SELECTED RELEASE SIZES

SELECTED PATCH SIZES

THE KEEPERS OF THE RECORDS

perldelta - what is new for perl v5.8.0

DESCRIPTION

Highlights In 5.8.0

Incompatible Changes

Binary Incompatibility

64-bit platforms and malloc

AIX Dynaloading

Attributes for my variables now handled at run-time

Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS

IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha

New Unicode Semantics (no more use utf8 , almost)

New Unicode Properties

REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)

pack/unpack D/F recycled

glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order

Deprecations

Core Enhancements

Unicode Overhaul

PerlIO is Now The Default

ithreads

Restricted Hashes

Safe Signals

Understanding of Numbers

Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings [561]

Miscellaneous Changes

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Pragmata

Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata

Utility Changes

New Documentation

Performance Enhancements

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Generic Improvements

New Or Improved Platforms

Selected Bug Fixes

Platform Specific Changes and Fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

Changed Internals

Security Vulnerability Closed [561]

New Tests

Known Problems

The Compiler Suite Is Still Very Experimental

Localising Tied Arrays and Hashes Is Broken

Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles

Modifying $_ Inside for(..)

mod_perl 1.26 Doesn't Build With Threaded Perl

lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'

libwww-perl (LWP) fails base/date #51

PDL failing some tests

Perl_get_sv

Self-tying Problems

ext/threads/t/libc

Failure of Thread (5.005-style) tests

Timing problems

Tied/Magical Array/Hash Elements Do Not Autovivify

Unicode in package/class and subroutine names does not work

Platform Specific Problems

AIX

Alpha systems with old gccs fail several tests

AmigaOS

BeOS

Cygwin "unable to remap"

Cygwin ndbm tests fail on FAT

DJGPP Failures

FreeBSD built with ithreads coredumps reading large directories

FreeBSD Failing locale Test 117 For ISO 8859-15 Locales

IRIX fails ext/List/Util/t/shuffle.t or Digest::MD5

HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured

Linux with glibc 2.2.5 fails t/op/int subtest #6 with -Duse64bitint

Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48

Mac OS X

Mac OS X dyld undefined symbols

OS/2 Test Failures

op/sprintf tests 91, 129, and 130

Solaris 2.5

Solaris x86 Fails Tests With -Duse64bitint

SUPER-UX (NEC SX)

Term::ReadKey not working on Win32

UNICOS/mk

UTS

VOS (Stratus)

VMS

Win32

XML::Parser not working

z/OS (OS/390)

Unicode Support on EBCDIC Still Spotty

Seen In Perl 5.7 But Gone Now

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl572delta - what's new for perl v5.7.2

DESCRIPTION

Security Vulnerability Closed

Incompatible Changes

64-bit platforms and malloc

AIX Dynaloading

Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS

Different Definition of the Unicode Character Classes \p{In...}

Deprecations

Core Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules and Distributions

Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata

Utility Changes

New Documentation

Installation and Configuration Improvements

New Or Improved Platforms

Generic Improvements

Selected Bug Fixes

Platform Specific Changes and Fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

Source Code Enhancements

MAGIC constants

Better commented code

Regex pre-/post-compilation items matched up

gcc -Wall

New Tests

Known Problems

AIX

Amiga Perl Invoking Mystery

lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'

Cygwin intermittent failures of lib/Memoize/t/expire_file 11 and 12

HP-UX lib/io_multihomed Fails When LP64-Configured

HP-UX lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails When LP64-Configured

Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48

OS/390

op/sprintf tests 129 and 130

Failure of Thread tests

UNICOS

UTS

VMS

Win32

Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory

Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden

Variable Attributes are not Currently Usable for Tieing

Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles

The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental

The Long Double Support is Still Experimental

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl571delta - what's new for perl v5.7.1

DESCRIPTION

Security Vulnerability Closed

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

AUTOLOAD Is Now Lvaluable

PerlIO is Now The Default

Signals Are Now Safe

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules

Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata

Performance Enhancements

Utility Changes

New Documentation

perlclib

perliol

README.aix

README.bs2000

README.macos

README.mpeix

README.solaris

README.vos

Porting/repository.pod

Installation and Configuration Improvements

New Or Improved Platforms

Generic Improvements

d_cmsghdr, d_fcntl_can_lock, d_fsync, d_getitimer, d_getpagsz, d_msghdr_s, need_va_copy, d_readv, d_recvmsg, d_sendmsg, sig_size, d_sockatmark, d_strtoq, d_u32align, d_ualarm, d_usleep

Selected Bug Fixes

Platform Specific Changes and Fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

Changed Internals

New Tests

Known Problems

AIX vac 5.0.0.0 May Produce Buggy Code For Perl

lib/ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'

lib/io_multihomed Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX

Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX

lib/b test 19

Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48

sigaction test 13 in VMS

sprintf tests 129 and 130

Failure of Thread tests

Localising a Tied Variable Leaks Memory

Self-tying of Arrays and Hashes Is Forbidden

Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles

The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl570delta - what's new for perl v5.7.0

DESCRIPTION

Security Vulnerability Closed

Incompatible Changes

Core Enhancements

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules

Updated And Improved Modules and Pragmata

Utility Changes

New Documentation

Performance Enhancements

Installation and Configuration Improvements

Generic Improvements

Selected Bug Fixes

Platform Specific Changes and Fixes

New or Changed Diagnostics

Changed Internals

Known Problems

Unicode Support Still Far From Perfect

EBCDIC Still A Lost Platform

Building Extensions Can Fail Because Of Largefiles

ftmp-security tests warn 'system possibly insecure'

Test lib/posix Subtest 9 Fails In LP64-Configured HP-UX

Long Doubles Still Don't Work In Solaris

Linux With Sfio Fails op/misc Test 48

Storable tests fail in some platforms

Threads Are Still Experimental

The Compiler Suite Is Still Experimental

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl561delta - what's new for perl v5.6.x

DESCRIPTION

Summary of changes between 5.6.0 and 5.6.1

Security Issues

Core bug fixes

UNIVERSAL::isa() , Memory leaks, Numeric conversions, qw(a\\b), caller(), Bugs in regular expressions, "slurp" mode, Autovivification of symbolic references to special variables, Lexical warnings, Spurious warnings and errors, glob(), Tainting, sort(), #line directives, Subroutine prototypes, map(), Debugger, PERL5OPT, chop(), Unicode support, 64-bit support, Compiler, Lvalue subroutines, IO::Socket, File::Find, xsubpp, no Module; , Tests

Core features

Configuration issues

Documentation

Bundled modules

B::Concise, File::Temp, Pod::LaTeX, Pod::Text::Overstrike, CGI, CPAN, Class::Struct, DB_File, Devel::Peek, File::Find, Getopt::Long, IO::Poll, IPC::Open3, Math::BigFloat, Math::Complex, Net::Ping, Opcode, Pod::Parser, Pod::Text, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Tie::RefHash, Tie::SubstrHash

Platform-specific improvements

NCR MP-RAS, NonStop-UX

Core Enhancements

Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency

Lexically scoped warning categories

Unicode and UTF-8 support

Support for interpolating named characters

"our" declarations

Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals

Improved Perl version numbering system

New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes

File and directory handles can be autovivified

open() with more than two arguments

64-bit support

Large file support

Long doubles

"more bits"

Enhanced support for sort() subroutines

sort $coderef @foo allowed

File globbing implemented internally

Support for CHECK blocks

POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported

Better pseudo-random number generator

Improved qw// operator

Better worst-case behavior of hashes

pack() format 'Z' supported

pack() format modifier '!' supported

pack() and unpack() support counted strings

Comments in pack() templates

Weak references

Binary numbers supported

Lvalue subroutines

Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references

Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues

exists() is supported on subroutine names

exists() and delete() are supported on array elements

Pseudo-hashes work better

Automatic flushing of output buffers

Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations

Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle

eof() has the same old magic as <>

binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes

-T filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"

system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure

Improved diagnostics

Diagnostics follow STDERR

More consistent close-on-exec behavior

syswrite() ease-of-use

Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators

Bit operators support full native integer width

Improved security features

More functional bareword prototype (*)

require and do may be overridden

$^X variables may now have names longer than one character

New variable $^C reflects -c switch

New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string

Optional Y2K warnings

Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings

Modules and Pragmata

Modules

attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters

Pragmata

Utility Changes

dprofpp

find2perl

h2xs

perlcc

perldoc

The Perl Debugger

Improved Documentation

perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod

Performance enhancements

Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized

Optimized assignments to lexical variables

Faster subroutine calls

delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster

Installation and Configuration Improvements

-Dusethreads means something different

New Configure flags

Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring

Long Doubles

-Dusemorebits

-Duselargefiles

installusrbinperl

SOCKS support

-A flag

Enhanced Installation Directories

gcc automatically tried if 'cc' does not seem to be working

Platform specific changes

Supported platforms

DOS

OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)

VMS

Win32

Significant bug fixes

<HANDLE> on empty files

eval '...' improvements

All compilation errors are true errors

Implicitly closed filehandles are safer

Behavior of list slices is more consistent

(\$) prototype and $foo{a}

goto &sub and AUTOLOAD

-bareword allowed under use integer

Failures in DESTROY()

Locale bugs fixed

Memory leaks

Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls

Taint failures under -U

END blocks and the -c switch

Potential to leak DATA filehandles

New or Changed Diagnostics

"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number

New tests

Incompatible Changes

Perl Source Incompatibilities

CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, undef fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and \(%h) , vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed, %@ has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype (*) have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results

C Source Incompatibilities

PERL_POLLUTE , PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT , PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC

Compatible C Source API Changes

PATCHLEVEL is now PERL_VERSION

Binary Incompatibilities

Known Problems

Localizing a tied hash element may leak memory

Known test failures

EBCDIC platforms not fully supported

UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run

Arrow operator and arrays

Experimental features

Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:

Obsolete Diagnostics

Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl56delta - what's new for perl v5.6.0

DESCRIPTION

Core Enhancements

Interpreter cloning, threads, and concurrency

Lexically scoped warning categories

Unicode and UTF-8 support

Support for interpolating named characters

"our" declarations

Support for strings represented as a vector of ordinals

Improved Perl version numbering system

New syntax for declaring subroutine attributes

File and directory handles can be autovivified

open() with more than two arguments

64-bit support

Large file support

Long doubles

"more bits"

Enhanced support for sort() subroutines

sort $coderef @foo allowed

File globbing implemented internally

Support for CHECK blocks

POSIX character class syntax [: :] supported

Better pseudo-random number generator

Improved qw// operator

Better worst-case behavior of hashes

pack() format 'Z' supported

pack() format modifier '!' supported

pack() and unpack() support counted strings

Comments in pack() templates

Weak references

Binary numbers supported

Lvalue subroutines

Some arrows may be omitted in calls through references

Boolean assignment operators are legal lvalues

exists() is supported on subroutine names

exists() and delete() are supported on array elements

Pseudo-hashes work better

Automatic flushing of output buffers

Better diagnostics on meaningless filehandle operations

Where possible, buffered data discarded from duped input filehandle

eof() has the same old magic as <>

binmode() can be used to set :crlf and :raw modes

-T filetest recognizes UTF-8 encoded files as "text"

system(), backticks and pipe open now reflect exec() failure

Improved diagnostics

Diagnostics follow STDERR

More consistent close-on-exec behavior

syswrite() ease-of-use

Better syntax checks on parenthesized unary operators

Bit operators support full native integer width

Improved security features

More functional bareword prototype (*)

require and do may be overridden

$^X variables may now have names longer than one character

New variable $^C reflects -c switch

New variable $^V contains Perl version as a string

Optional Y2K warnings

Arrays now always interpolate into double-quoted strings

Modules and Pragmata

Modules

attributes, B, Benchmark, ByteLoader, constant, charnames, Data::Dumper, DB, DB_File, Devel::DProf, Devel::Peek, Dumpvalue, DynaLoader, English, Env, Fcntl, File::Compare, File::Find, File::Glob, File::Spec, File::Spec::Functions, Getopt::Long, IO, JPL, lib, Math::BigInt, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, Pod::Parser, Pod::InputObjects, Pod::Checker, podchecker, Pod::ParseUtils, Pod::Find, Pod::Select, podselect, Pod::Usage, pod2usage, Pod::Text and Pod::Man, SDBM_File, Sys::Syslog, Sys::Hostname, Term::ANSIColor, Time::Local, Win32, XSLoader, DBM Filters

Pragmata

Utility Changes

dprofpp

find2perl

h2xs

perlcc

perldoc

The Perl Debugger

Improved Documentation

perlapi.pod, perlboot.pod, perlcompile.pod, perldbmfilter.pod, perldebug.pod, perldebguts.pod, perlfork.pod, perlfilter.pod, perlhack.pod, perlintern.pod, perllexwarn.pod, perlnumber.pod, perlopentut.pod, perlreftut.pod, perltootc.pod, perltodo.pod, perlunicode.pod

Performance enhancements

Simple sort() using { $a <=> $b } and the like are optimized

Optimized assignments to lexical variables

Faster subroutine calls

delete(), each(), values() and hash iteration are faster

Installation and Configuration Improvements

-Dusethreads means something different

New Configure flags

Threadedness and 64-bitness now more daring

Long Doubles

-Dusemorebits

-Duselargefiles

installusrbinperl

SOCKS support

-A flag

Enhanced Installation Directories

Platform specific changes

Supported platforms

DOS

OS390 (OpenEdition MVS)

VMS

Win32

Significant bug fixes

<HANDLE> on empty files

eval '...' improvements

All compilation errors are true errors

Implicitly closed filehandles are safer

Behavior of list slices is more consistent

(\$) prototype and $foo{a}

goto &sub and AUTOLOAD

-bareword allowed under use integer

Failures in DESTROY()

Locale bugs fixed

Memory leaks

Spurious subroutine stubs after failed subroutine calls

Taint failures under -U

END blocks and the -c switch

Potential to leak DATA filehandles

New or Changed Diagnostics

"%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s, "my sub" not yet implemented, "our" variable %s redeclared, '!' allowed only after types %s, / cannot take a count, / must be followed by a, A or Z, / must be followed by a*, A* or Z*, / must follow a numeric type, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, /%s/: Unrecognized escape \\%c in character class passed through, /%s/ should probably be written as "%s", %s() called too early to check prototype, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element, %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice, %s argument is not a subroutine name, %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s, (in cleanup) %s, <> should be quotes, Attempt to join self, Bad evalled substitution pattern, Bad realloc() ignored, Bareword found in conditional, Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable, Bit vector size > 32 non-portable, Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s, Can't check filesystem of script "%s", Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in "%s", Can't declare %s in "%s", Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default, Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call, Can't read CRTL environ, Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file, Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine, Can't weaken a nonreference, Character class [:%s:] unknown, Character class syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes, Constant is not %s reference, constant(%s): %s, CORE::%s is not a keyword, defined(@array) is deprecated, defined(%hash) is deprecated, Did not produce a valid header, (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?), Document contains no data, entering effective %s failed, false [] range "%s" in regexp, Filehandle %s opened only for output, flock() on closed filehandle %s, Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name, Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable, Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s", Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s|, Illegal binary digit %s, Illegal binary digit %s ignored, Illegal number of bits in vec, Integer overflow in %s number, Invalid %s attribute: %s, Invalid %s attributes: %s, invalid [] range "%s" in regexp, Invalid separator character %s in attribute list, Invalid separator character %s in subroutine attribute list, leaving effective %s failed, Lvalue subs returning %s not implemented yet, Method %s not permitted, Missing %sbrace%s on \N{}, Missing command in piped open, Missing name in "my sub", No %s specified for -%c, No package name allowed for variable %s in "our", No space allowed after -%c, no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC, Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable, panic: del_backref, panic: kid popen errno read, panic: magic_killbackrefs, Parentheses missing around "%s" list, Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string, Possible Y2K bug: %s, pragma "attrs" is deprecated, use "sub NAME : ATTRS" instead, Premature end of script headers, Repeat count in pack overflows, Repeat count in unpack overflows, realloc() of freed memory ignored, Reference is already weak, setpgrp can't take arguments, Strange *+?{} on zero-length expression, switching effective %s is not implemented, This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s), This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s), Too late to run %s block, Unknown open() mode '%s', Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s, Unrecognized escape \\%c passed through, Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list, Unterminated attribute list, Unterminated attribute parameter in subroutine attribute list, Unterminated subroutine attribute list, Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long, Version number must be a constant number

New tests

Incompatible Changes

Perl Source Incompatibilities

CHECK is a new keyword, Treatment of list slices of undef has changed, Format of $English::PERL_VERSION is different, Literals of the form 1.2.3 parse differently, Possibly changed pseudo-random number generator, Hashing function for hash keys has changed, undef fails on read only values, Close-on-exec bit may be set on pipe and socket handles, Writing "$$1" to mean "${$}1" is unsupported, delete(), each(), values() and \(%h) , vec(EXPR,OFFSET,BITS) enforces powers-of-two BITS, Text of some diagnostic output has changed, %@ has been removed, Parenthesized not() behaves like a list operator, Semantics of bareword prototype (*) have changed, Semantics of bit operators may have changed on 64-bit platforms, More builtins taint their results

C Source Incompatibilities

PERL_POLLUTE , PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT , PERL_POLLUTE_MALLOC

Compatible C Source API Changes

PATCHLEVEL is now PERL_VERSION

Binary Incompatibilities

Known Problems

Thread test failures

EBCDIC platforms not supported

In 64-bit HP-UX the lib/io_multihomed test may hang

NEXTSTEP 3.3 POSIX test failure

Tru64 (aka Digital UNIX, aka DEC OSF/1) lib/sdbm test failure with gcc

UNICOS/mk CC failures during Configure run

Arrow operator and arrays

Experimental features

Threads, Unicode, 64-bit support, Lvalue subroutines, Weak references, The pseudo-hash data type, The Compiler suite, Internal implementation of file globbing, The DB module, The regular expression code constructs:

Obsolete Diagnostics

Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, In string, @%s now must be written as \@%s, Probable precedence problem on %s, regexp too big, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated

Reporting Bugs

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl5005delta - what's new for perl5.005

DESCRIPTION

About the new versioning system

Incompatible Changes

WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004.

Default installation structure has changed

Perl Source Compatibility

C Source Compatibility

Binary Compatibility

Security fixes may affect compatibility

Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004

Licensing

Core Changes

Threads

Compiler

Regular Expressions

Many new and improved optimizations, Many bug fixes, New regular expression constructs, New operator for precompiled regular expressions, Other improvements, Incompatible changes

Improved malloc()

Quicksort is internally implemented

Reliable signals

Reliable stack pointers

More generous treatment of carriage returns

Memory leaks

Better support for multiple interpreters

Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined

%! is transparently tied to the Errno module

Pseudo-hashes are supported

EXPR foreach EXPR is supported

Keywords can be globally overridden

$^E is meaningful on Win32

foreach (1..1000000) optimized

Foo:: can be used as implicitly quoted package name

exists $Foo::{Bar::} tests existence of a package

Better locale support

Experimental support for 64-bit platforms

prototype() returns useful results on builtins

Extended support for exception handling

Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods

All printf format conversions are handled internally

New INIT keyword

New lock keyword

New qr// operator

our is now a reserved word

Tied arrays are now fully supported

Tied handles support is better

4th argument to substr

Negative LENGTH argument to splice

Magic lvalues are now more magical

<> now reads in records

Supported Platforms

New Platforms

Changes in existing support

Modules and Pragmata

New Modules

B, Data::Dumper, Dumpvalue, Errno, File::Spec, ExtUtils::Installed, ExtUtils::Packlist, Fatal, IPC::SysV, Test, Tie::Array, Tie::Handle, Thread, attrs, fields, re

Changes in existing modules

Benchmark, Carp, CGI, Fcntl, Math::Complex, Math::Trig, POSIX, DB_File, MakeMaker, CPAN, Cwd

Utility Changes

Documentation Changes

New Diagnostics

Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use &, Bad index while coercing array into hash, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value, Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid, Can't coerce array into hash, Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string, Can't localize pseudo-hash element, Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available, Cannot find an opnumber for "%s", Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions, Character class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions, %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression, %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval', %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time, Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main), Illegal hex digit ignored, No such array field, No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s, Out of memory during ridiculously large request, Range iterator outside integer range, Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' %s, Reference found where even-sized list expected, Undefined value assigned to typeglob, Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated, perl: warning: Setting locale failed

Obsolete Diagnostics

Can't mktemp(), Can't write to temp file for -e : %s, Cannot open temporary file, regexp too big

Configuration Changes

BUGS

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perl5004delta - what's new for perl5.004

DESCRIPTION

Supported Environments

Core Changes

List assignment to %ENV works

Change to "Can't locate Foo.pm in @INC" error

Compilation option: Binary compatibility with 5.003

$PERL5OPT environment variable

Limitations on -M , -m , and -T options

More precise warnings

Deprecated: Inherited AUTOLOAD for non-methods

Previously deprecated %OVERLOAD is no longer usable

Subroutine arguments created only when they're modified

Group vector changeable with $)

Fixed parsing of $$<digit>, &$<digit>, etc.

Fixed localization of $<digit>, $&, etc.

No resetting of $. on implicit close

wantarray may return undef

eval EXPR determines value of EXPR in scalar context

Changes to tainting checks

No glob() or <*>, No spawning if tainted $CDPATH, $ENV, $BASH_ENV, No spawning if tainted $TERM doesn't look like a terminal name

New Opcode module and revised Safe module

Embedding improvements

Internal change: FileHandle class based on IO::* classes

Internal change: PerlIO abstraction interface

New and changed syntax

$coderef->(PARAMS)

New and changed builtin constants

__PACKAGE__

New and changed builtin variables

$^E, $^H, $^M

New and changed builtin functions

delete on slices, flock, printf and sprintf, keys as an lvalue, my() in Control Structures, pack() and unpack(), sysseek(), use VERSION, use Module VERSION LIST, prototype(FUNCTION), srand, $_ as Default, m//gc does not reset search position on failure, m//x ignores whitespace before ?*+{}, nested sub{} closures work now, formats work right on changing lexicals

New builtin methods

isa(CLASS), can(METHOD), VERSION( [NEED] )

TIEHANDLE now supported

TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, LIST, READ this LIST, READLINE this, GETC this, DESTROY this

Malloc enhancements

-DPERL_EMERGENCY_SBRK, -DPACK_MALLOC, -DTWO_POT_OPTIMIZE

Miscellaneous efficiency enhancements

Support for More Operating Systems

Win32

Plan 9

QNX

AmigaOS

Pragmata

use autouse MODULE => qw(sub1 sub2 sub3), use blib, use blib 'dir', use constant NAME => VALUE, use locale, use ops, use vmsish

Modules

Required Updates

Installation directories

Module information summary

Fcntl

IO

Math::Complex

Math::Trig

DB_File

Net::Ping

Object-oriented overrides for builtin operators

Utility Changes

pod2html

Sends converted HTML to standard output

xsubpp

void XSUBs now default to returning nothing

C Language API Changes

gv_fetchmethod and perl_call_sv , perl_eval_pv , Extended API for manipulating hashes

Documentation Changes

perldelta, perlfaq, perllocale, perltoot, perlapio, perlmodlib, perldebug, perlsec

New Diagnostics

"my" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same scope, %s argument is not a HASH element or slice, Allocation too large: %lx, Allocation too large, Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s), Attempt to free nonexistent shared string, Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr, Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package, Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s, Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use, Cannot resolve method `%s' overloading `%s' in package `%s', Constant subroutine %s redefined, Constant subroutine %s undefined, Copy method did not return a reference, Died, Exiting pseudo-block via %s, Identifier too long, Illegal character %s (carriage return), Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: %s, Integer overflow in hex number, Integer overflow in octal number, internal error: glob failed, Invalid conversion in %s: "%s", Invalid type in pack: '%s', Invalid type in unpack: '%s', Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo, Null picture in formline, Offset outside string, Out of memory!, Out of memory during request for %s, panic: frexp, Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list, Possible attempt to separate words with commas, Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s}, Stub found while resolving method `%s' overloading `%s' in %s, Too late for " -T " option, untie attempted while %d inner references still exist, Unrecognized character %s, Unsupported function fork, Use of "$$<digit>" to mean "${$}<digit>" is deprecated, Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined(), Variable "%s" may be unavailable, Variable "%s" will not stay shared, Warning: something's wrong, Ill-formed logical name |%s| in prime_env_iter, Got an error from DosAllocMem, Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX, PERL_SH_DIR too long, Process terminated by SIG%s

BUGS

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

perlaix, README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems

DESCRIPTION

Compiling Perl 5 on AIX

OS level

Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX

The IBM ANSI C Compiler

Using GNU's gcc for building perl

Using Large Files with Perl

Threaded Perl

64-bit Perl

AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics

AUTHOR

DATE

perlapollo, README.apollo - Perl version 5 on Apollo DomainOS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

perlamiga - Perl under Amiga OS

NOTE

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on AmigaOS

Unix emulation for AmigaOS: ixemul.library , Version of Amiga OS

Starting Perl programs under AmigaOS

Shortcomings of Perl under AmigaOS

INSTALLATION

Accessing documentation

Manpages for Perl on AmigaOS

Perl HTML Documentation on AmigaOS

Perl GNU Info Files on AmigaOS

Perl LaTeX Documentation on AmigaOS

BUILDING PERL ON AMIGAOS

Build Prerequisites for Perl on AmigaOS

Getting the Perl Source for AmigaOS

Making Perl on AmigaOS

Testing Perl on AmigaOS

Installing the built Perl on AmigaOS

PERL 5.8.0 BROKEN IN AMIGAOS

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

perlbeos, README.beos - Perl version 5 on BeOS

DESCRIPTION

General Issues with Perl on BeOS

BeOS Release-specific Notes

R4 x86, R4 PPC

Contact Information

Update 2002-05-30

perlbs2000, README.BS2000 - building and installing Perl for BS2000.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

gzip on BS2000

bison on BS2000

Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000

Compiling Perl on BS2000

Testing Perl on BS2000

Installing Perl on BS2000

Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000

Using Perl in "native" BS2000

Floating point anomalies on BS2000

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

Mailing list

HISTORY

Name

Description

Build

Tools & SDK

Make

Acknowledgements

Author

perlcygwin, README.cygwin - Perl for Cygwin

SYNOPSIS

PREREQUISITES FOR COMPILING PERL ON CYGWIN

Cygwin = GNU+Cygnus+Windows (Don't leave UNIX without it)

Cygwin Configuration

PATH , nroff , Permissions

CONFIGURE PERL ON CYGWIN

Stripping Perl Binaries on Cygwin

Optional Libraries for Perl on Cygwin

-lcrypt , -lgdbm ( use GDBM_File ), -ldb ( use DB_File ), -lcygipc ( use IPC::SysV ), -lutil

Configure-time Options for Perl on Cygwin

-Uusedl , -Uusemymalloc , -Uuseperlio , -Dusemultiplicity , -Duse64bitint , -Duselongdouble , -Dusethreads , -Duselargefiles , -Dmksymlinks

Suspicious Warnings on Cygwin

dlsym() , Win9x and d_eofnblk , Compiler/Preprocessor defines

MAKE ON CYGWIN

Warnings on Cygwin

ld2 on Cygwin

TEST ON CYGWIN

File Permissions on Cygwin

NDBM_File does not work on FAT filesystems

Script Portability on Cygwin

Pathnames, Text/Binary, .exe , chown(), Miscellaneous

INSTALL PERL ON CYGWIN

MANIFEST ON CYGWIN

Documentation, Build, Configure, Make, Install, Tests, Compiled Perl Source, Compiled Module Source, Perl Modules/Scripts

BUGS ON CYGWIN

AUTHORS

HISTORY

perldgux - Perl under DG/UX.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

BUILDING PERL ON DG/UX

Non-threaded Perl on DG/UX

Threaded Perl on DG/UX

Testing Perl on DG/UX

Installing the built perl on DG/UX

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perldos - Perl under DOS, W31, W95.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Prerequisites for Compiling Perl on DOS

DJGPP, Pthreads

Shortcomings of Perl under DOS

Building Perl on DOS

Testing Perl on DOS

Installation of Perl on DOS

BUILDING AND INSTALLING MODULES ON DOS

Building Prerequisites for Perl on DOS

Unpacking CPAN Modules on DOS

Building Non-XS Modules on DOS

Building XS Modules on DOS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlepoc, README.epoc - Perl for EPOC

SYNOPSIS

INTRODUCTION

INSTALLING PERL ON EPOC

STARTING PERL ON EPOC

Editors on Epoc

Features of Perl on Epoc

Restrictions of Perl on Epoc

Compiling Perl 5 on the EPOC cross compiling environment

SUPPORT STATUS OF PERL ON EPOC

AUTHOR

LAST UPDATE

perlfreebsd, README.freebsd - Perl version 5 on FreeBSD systems

DESCRIPTION

FreeBSD core dumps from readdir_r with ithreads

$^X doesn't always contain a full path in FreeBSD

Perl will no longer be part of "base FreeBSD"

AUTHOR

perlhpux, README.hpux - Perl version 5 on Hewlett-Packard Unix (HP-UX) systems

DESCRIPTION

Using perl as shipped with HP-UX

Compiling Perl 5 on HP-UX

PA-RISC

PA-RISC 1.0

PA-RISC 1.1

PA-RISC 2.0

Itanium

Portability Between PA-RISC Versions

Itanium Processor Family and HP-UX

Building Dynamic Extensions on HP-UX

The HP ANSI C Compiler

The GNU C Compiler

Using Large Files with Perl on HP-UX

Threaded Perl on HP-UX

64-bit Perl on HP-UX

Oracle on HP-UX

GDBM and Threads on HP-UX

NFS filesystems and utime(2) on HP-UX

perl -P and // and HP-UX

HP-UX Kernel Parameters (maxdsiz) for Compiling Perl

nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent

AUTHOR

DATE

perlhurd, README.hurd - Perl version 5 on Hurd

DESCRIPTION

Known Problems with Perl on Hurd

AUTHOR

perlirix, README.irix - Perl version 5 on Irix systems

DESCRIPTION

Building 32-bit Perl in Irix

Building 64-bit Perl in Irix

About Compiler Versions of Irix

Linker Problems in Irix

Malloc in Irix

Building with threads in Irix

AUTHOR

perlmachten, README.machten - Perl version 5 on Power MachTen systems

DESCRIPTION

Compiling Perl 5 on MachTen

Failures during make test on MachTen

op/lexassign.t, pragma/warnings.t

Building external modules on MachTen

AUTHOR

DATE

perlmacos, README.macos - Perl under Mac OS (Classic)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

DATE

perlmint, README.mint - Perl version 5 on Atari MiNT

DESCRIPTION

Known problems with Perl on MiNT

AUTHOR

perlmpeix, README.mpeix - Perl/iX for HP e3000 MPE

SYNOPSIS

NOTE

Binary distribution from HP

What's New in Perl for MPE/iX

Welcome to Perl/iX

System Requirements for Perl/iX

How to Obtain Perl/iX

Perl/iX Distribution Contents Highlights

README, INSTALL, LIBSHP3K, PERL, .cpan/, lib/, man/, public_html/feedback.cgi, src/perl-5.6.0-mpe

How to Compile Perl/iX

 4,  6

Getting Started with Perl/iX

MPE/iX Implementation Considerations

Known Perl/iX Bugs Under Investigation

Perl/iX To-Do List

Perl/iX Change History

AUTHOR

Name

Description

Build

Tools & SDK

Setup

SetNWBld.bat, Buildtype.bat

Make

Interpreter

Extensions

Install

Build new extensions

Acknowledgements

Authors

Date

perlos2 - Perl under OS/2, DOS, Win0.3*, Win0.95 and WinNT.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Target

Other OSes

Prerequisites

EMX, RSX, HPFS, pdksh

Starting Perl programs under OS/2 (and DOS and...)

Starting OS/2 (and DOS) programs under Perl

Frequently asked questions

"It does not work"

I cannot run external programs

I cannot embed perl into my program, or use perl.dll from my program.

Is your program EMX-compiled with -Zmt -Zcrtdll ?, Did you use ExtUtils::Embed??

`` and pipe- open do not work under DOS.

Cannot start find.exe "pattern" file

INSTALLATION

Automatic binary installation

PERL_BADLANG , PERL_BADFREE , Config.pm

Manual binary installation

Perl VIO and PM executables (dynamically linked), Perl_ VIO executable (statically linked), Executables for Perl utilities, Main Perl library, Additional Perl modules, Tools to compile Perl modules, Manpages for Perl and utilities, Manpages for Perl modules, Source for Perl documentation, Perl manual in .INF format, Pdksh

Warning

Accessing documentation

OS/2 .INF file

Plain text

Manpages

HTML

GNU info files

PDF files

LaTeX docs

BUILD

The short story

Prerequisites

Getting perl source

Application of the patches

Hand-editing

Making

Testing

A lot of bad free , Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT, op/fs.t , op/stat.t

Installing the built perl

a.out -style build

Build FAQ

Some / became \ in pdksh.

'errno' - unresolved external

Problems with tr or sed

Some problem (forget which ;-)

Library ... not found

Segfault in make

op/sprintf test failure

Specific (mis)features of OS/2 port

setpriority , getpriority

system()

extproc on the first line

Additional modules:

Prebuilt methods:

C<File::Copy::syscopy>, C<DynaLoader::mod2fname>,  C<Cwd::current_drive()>,
 C<Cwd::sys_chdir(name)>,  C<Cwd::change_drive(name)>, 
C<Cwd::sys_is_absolute(name)>,  C<Cwd::sys_is_rooted(name)>, 
C<Cwd::sys_is_relative(name)>,  C<Cwd::sys_cwd(name)>, 
C<Cwd::sys_abspath(name, dir)>,  C<Cwd::extLibpath([type])>, 
C<Cwd::extLibpath_set( path [, type ] )>,
C<OS2::Error(do_harderror,do_exception)>, C<OS2::Errors2Drive(drive)>,
OS2::SysInfo(), OS2::BootDrive(), C<OS2::MorphPM(serve)>,
C<OS2::UnMorphPM(serve)>, C<OS2::Serve_Messages(force)>,
C<OS2::Process_Messages(force [, cnt])>, C<OS2::_control87(new,mask)>,
OS2::get_control87(), C<OS2::set_control87_em(new=MCW_EM,mask=MCW_EM)>,
C<OS2::DLLname([how [, \&xsub]])>

Prebuilt variables:

$OS2::emx_rev, $OS2::emx_env, $OS2::os_ver, $OS2::is_aout, $OS2::can_fork, $OS2::nsyserror

Misfeatures

Modifications

popen , tmpnam , tmpfile , ctermid , stat , mkdir , rmdir , flock

Identifying DLLs

Centralized management of resources

HAB , HMQ , Treating errors reported by OS/2 API, CheckOSError(expr) , CheckWinError(expr) , SaveWinError(expr) , SaveCroakWinError(expr,die,name1,name2) , WinError_2_Perl_rc , FillWinError , FillOSError(rc) , Loading DLLs and ordinals in DLLs

Perl flavors

perl.exe

perl_.exe

perl__.exe

perl___.exe

Why strange names?

Why dynamic linking?

Why chimera build?

ENVIRONMENT

PERLLIB_PREFIX

PERL_BADLANG

PERL_BADFREE

PERL_SH_DIR

USE_PERL_FLOCK

TMP or TEMP

Evolution

Text-mode filehandles

Priorities

DLL name mangling: pre 5.6.2

DLL name mangling: 5.6.2 and beyond

Global DLLs, specific DLLs, BEGINLIBPATH and ENDLIBPATH , . from LIBPATH

DLL forwarder generation

Threading

Calls to external programs

Memory allocation

Threads

COND_WAIT , os2.c

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

perlos390, README.os390 - building and installing Perl for OS/390 and z/OS

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Tools

Unpacking Perl distribution on OS/390

Setup and utilities for Perl on OS/390

Configure Perl on OS/390

Build, Test, Install Perl on OS/390

Build Anomalies with Perl on OS/390

Testing Anomalies with Perl on OS/390

Installation Anomalies with Perl on OS/390

Usage Hints for Perl on OS/390

Floating Point Anomalies with Perl on OS/390

Modules and Extensions for Perl on OS/390

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

Mailing list for Perl on OS/390

HISTORY

perlqnx, README.qnx - Perl version 5 on QNX

DESCRIPTION

Required Software for Compiling Perl on QNX4

/bin/sh, ar, nm, cpp, make

Outstanding Issues with Perl on QNX4

QNX auxiliary files

qnx/ar, qnx/cpp

Outstanding issues with perl under QNX6

AUTHOR

perlplan9 - Plan 9-specific documentation for Perl

DESCRIPTION

Invoking Perl

What's in Plan 9 Perl

What's not in Plan 9 Perl

Perl5 Functions not currently supported in Plan 9 Perl

Signals in Plan 9 Perl

COMPILING AND INSTALLING PERL ON PLAN 9

Installing Perl Documentation on Plan 9

BUGS

Revision date

AUTHOR

perlsolaris, README.solaris - Perl version 5 on Solaris systems

DESCRIPTION

Solaris Version Numbers.

RESOURCES

Solaris FAQ, Precompiled Binaries, Solaris Documentation

SETTING UP

File Extraction Problems on Solaris.

Compiler and Related Tools on Solaris.

Environment for Compiling Perl on Solaris

RUN CONFIGURE.

64-bit Issues with Perl on Solaris.

Threads in Perl on Solaris.

Malloc Issues with Perl on Solaris.

MAKE PROBLEMS.

Dynamic Loading Problems With GNU as and GNU ld, ld.so.1: ./perl: fatal: relocation error:, dlopen: stub interception failed, #error "No DATAMODEL_NATIVE specified", sh: ar: not found

MAKE TEST

op/stat.t test 4 in Solaris

nss_delete core dump from op/pwent or op/grent

PREBUILT BINARIES OF PERL FOR SOLARIS.

RUNTIME ISSUES FOR PERL ON SOLARIS.

Limits on Numbers of Open Files on Solaris.

SOLARIS-SPECIFIC MODULES.

SOLARIS-SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH MODULES.

Proc::ProcessTable on Solaris

BSD::Resource on Solaris

Net::SSLeay on Solaris

AUTHOR

LAST MODIFIED

perltru64, README.tru64 - Perl version 5 on Tru64 (formerly known as Digital UNIX formerly known as DEC OSF/1) systems

DESCRIPTION

Compiling Perl 5 on Tru64

Using Large Files with Perl on Tru64

Threaded Perl on Tru64

Long Doubles on Tru64

64-bit Perl on Tru64

Warnings about floating-point overflow when compiling Perl on Tru64

Testing Perl on Tru64

ext/ODBM_File/odbm Test Failing With Static Builds

Perl Fails Because Of Unresolved Symbol sockatmark

AUTHOR

perluts - Perl under UTS

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

BUILDING PERL ON UTS

Installing the built perl on UTS

AUTHOR

perlvmesa, README.vmesa - building and installing Perl for VM/ESA.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Unpacking Perl Distribution on VM/ESA

Setup Perl and utilities on VM/ESA

Configure Perl on VM/ESA

Testing Anomalies of Perl on VM/ESA

Usage Hints for Perl on VM/ESA

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

Mailing list for Perl on VM/ESA

perlvms - VMS-specific documentation for Perl

DESCRIPTION

Installation

Organization of Perl Images

Core Images

Perl Extensions

Installing static extensions

Installing dynamic extensions

File specifications

Syntax

Wildcard expansion

Pipes

PERL5LIB and PERLLIB

Command line

I/O redirection and backgrounding

Command line switches

-i, -S, -u

Perl functions

File tests, backticks, binmode FILEHANDLE, crypt PLAINTEXT, USER, dump, exec LIST, fork, getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, gmtime, kill, qx//, select (system call), stat EXPR, system LIST, time, times, unlink LIST, utime LIST, waitpid PID,FLAGS

Perl variables

%ENV, CRTL_ENV, CLISYM_[LOCAL], Any other string, $!, $^E, $?, $|

Standard modules with VMS-specific differences

SDBM_File

Revision date

AUTHOR

perlvos, README.vos - Perl for Stratus VOS

SYNOPSIS

Multiple methods to build perl for VOS

Stratus POSIX Support

INSTALLING PERL IN VOS

Compiling Perl 5 on VOS

Installing Perl 5 on VOS

USING PERL IN VOS

Unimplemented Features of Perl on VOS

Restrictions of Perl on VOS

Handling of underflow and overflow

TEST STATUS

SUPPORT STATUS

AUTHOR

LAST UPDATE

perlwin32 - Perl under Windows

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Setting Up Perl on Win32

Make, Command Shell, Borland C++, Microsoft Visual C++, Microsoft Platform SDK 64-bit Compiler, Mingw32 with GCC

Building

Testing Perl on Win32

Installation of Perl on Win32

Usage Hints for Perl on Win32

Environment Variables, File Globbing, Using perl from the command line, Building Extensions, Command-line Wildcard Expansion, Win32 Specific Extensions, Notes on 64-bit Windows

Running Perl Scripts

Miscellaneous Things

BUGS AND CAVEATS

AUTHORS

Gary Ng <71564.1743@CompuServe.COM>, Gurusamy Sarathy <gsar@activestate.com>, Nick Ing-Simmons <nick@ing-simmons.net>

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

PRAGMA DOCUMENTATION

attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

method, locked

re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

threadshared::shared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORT

FUNCTIONS

share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE

NOTES

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads from perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

$thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach, threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();, threads->list();, async BLOCK;

WARNINGS

A thread exited while %d other threads were still running

TODO

BUGS

Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be

AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

attributes - get/set subroutine or variable attributes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Built-in Attributes

locked, method, lvalue

Available Subroutines

get, reftype

Package-specific Attribute Handling

FETCH_ type ATTRIBUTES, MODIFY type _ATTRIBUTES

Syntax of Attribute Lists

EXPORTS

Default exports

Available exports

Export tags defined

EXAMPLES

SEE ALSO

attrs - set/get attributes of a subroutine (deprecated)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

method, locked

autouse - postpone load of modules until a function is used

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

WARNING

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

base - Establish IS-A relationship with base class at compile time

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

HISTORY

SEE ALSO

bigint - Transparent big integer support for Perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version

MATH LIBRARY

INTERNAL FORMAT

SIGN

METHODS

MODULES USED

EXAMPLES

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

bignum - Transparent BigNumber support for Perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

a or accuracy, p or precision, t or trace, l or lib, v or version

MATH LIBRARY

INTERNAL FORMAT

SIGN

METHODS

MODULES USED

EXAMPLES

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

bigrat - Transparent BigNumber/BigRational support for Perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

MODULES USED

MATH LIBRARY

SIGN

METHODS

EXAMPLES

        perl -Mbigrat -le 'print sqrt(33)'
        perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 2*255'
        perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 4.5+2*255'
        perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 3/7 + 5/7 + 8/3'       
        perl -Mbigrat -le 'print 12->is_odd()';

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

blib - Use MakeMaker's uninstalled version of a package

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

BUGS

AUTHOR

bytes - Perl pragma to force byte semantics rather than character semantics

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

charnames - define character names for \N{named} string literal escapes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CUSTOM TRANSLATORS

charnames::viacode(code)

charnames::vianame(name)

ALIASES

ILLEGAL CHARACTERS

BUGS

constant - Perl pragma to declare constants

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTES

List constants

Defining multiple constants at once

Magic constants

TECHNICAL NOTES

BUGS

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

diagnostics - Perl compiler pragma to force verbose warning diagnostics

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The diagnostics Pragma

The splain Program

EXAMPLES

INTERNALS

BUGS

AUTHOR

encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

USAGE

use encoding [ ENCNAME ] ;, use encoding ENCNAME [ STDIN => ENCNAME_IN ...] ;, no encoding;

CAVEATS

NOT SCOPED

DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS

Non-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option

use encoding ENCNAME Filter=>1;

EXAMPLE - Greekperl

KNOWN PROBLEMS

SEE ALSO

fields - compile-time class fields

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

new, phash

SEE ALSO

filetest - Perl pragma to control the filetest permission operators

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

subpragma access

if - use a Perl module if a condition holds

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

BUGS

AUTHOR

integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating point

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

less - perl pragma to request less of something from the compiler

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

lib - manipulate @INC at compile time

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Adding directories to @INC

Deleting directories from @INC

Restoring original @INC

CAVEATS

NOTES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

locale - Perl pragma to use and avoid POSIX locales for built-in operations

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

open - perl pragma to set default PerlIO layers for input and output

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NONPERLIO FUNCTIONALITY

IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS

SEE ALSO

ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

overload - Package for overloading perl operations

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Declaration of overloaded functions

Calling Conventions for Binary Operations

FALSE, TRUE, undef

Calling Conventions for Unary Operations

Calling Conventions for Mutators

++ and -- , x= and other assignment versions

Overloadable Operations

Arithmetic operations , Comparison operations , Bit operations , Increment and decrement , Transcendental functions , Boolean, string and numeric conversion , Iteration , Dereferencing , Special

Inheritance and overloading

Strings as values of use overload directive, Overloading of an operation is inherited by derived classes

SPECIAL SYMBOLS FOR use overload

Last Resort

Fallback

undef , TRUE, defined, but FALSE

Copy Constructor

Example

MAGIC AUTOGENERATION

Assignment forms of arithmetic operations , Conversion operations , Increment and decrement , abs($a) , Unary minus , Negation , Concatenation , Comparison operations , Iterator , Dereferencing , Copy operator

Losing overloading

Run-time Overloading

Public functions

overload::StrVal(arg), overload::Overloaded(arg), overload::Method(obj,op)

Overloading constants

integer, float, binary, q, qr

IMPLEMENTATION

Metaphor clash

Cookbook

Two-face scalars

Two-face references

Symbolic calculator

Really symbolic calculator

AUTHOR

DIAGNOSTICS

Odd number of arguments for overload::constant, `%s' is not an overloadable type, `%s' is not a code reference

BUGS

re - Perl pragma to alter regular expression behaviour

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

sigtrap - Perl pragma to enable simple signal handling

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

SIGNAL HANDLERS

stack-trace , die , handler your-handler

SIGNAL LISTS

normal-signals , error-signals , old-interface-signals

OTHER

untrapped , any , signal , number

EXAMPLES

sort - perl pragma to control sort() behaviour

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CAVEATS

strict - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe constructs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

strict refs , strict vars , strict subs

subs - Perl pragma to predeclare sub names

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

threads - Perl extension allowing use of interpreter based threads from perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

$thread = threads->create(function, LIST), $thread->join, $thread->detach, threads->self, $thread->tid, threads->object( tid ), threads->yield();, threads->list();, async BLOCK;

WARNINGS

A thread exited while %d other threads were still running

TODO

BUGS

Parent-Child threads, Returning objects, Creating threads inside BEGIN blocks, PERL_OLD_SIGNALS are not threadsafe, will not be

AUTHOR and COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

threadshared, threads::shared - Perl extension for sharing data structures between threads

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORT

FUNCTIONS

share VARIABLE, lock VARIABLE, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE

NOTES

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

utf8 - Perl pragma to enable/disable UTF-8 (or UTF-EBCDIC) in source code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Utility functions

$num_octets = utf8::upgrade($string);, utf8::downgrade($string[, FAIL_OK]), utf8::encode($string), $flag = utf8::decode($string), $flag = utf8::valid(STRING)

BUGS

SEE ALSO

vars - Perl pragma to predeclare global variable names (obsolete)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

vmsish - Perl pragma to control VMS-specific language features

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

vmsish status , vmsish exit , vmsish time , vmsish hushed

warnings - Perl pragma to control optional warnings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

use warnings::register, warnings::enabled(), warnings::enabled($category), warnings::enabled($object), warnings::warn($message), warnings::warn($category, $message), warnings::warn($object, $message), warnings::warnif($message), warnings::warnif($category, $message), warnings::warnif($object, $message)

warnings::register - warnings import function

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

MODULE DOCUMENTATION

AnyDBM_File - provide framework for multiple DBMs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

DBM Comparisons

[0], [1], [2], [3]

SEE ALSO

Attribute::Handlers - Simpler definition of attribute handlers

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

Typed lexicals

Type-specific attribute handlers

Non-interpretive attribute handlers

Phase-specific attribute handlers

Attributes as tie interfaces

EXAMPLES

DIAGNOSTICS

Bad attribute type: ATTR(%s) , Attribute handler %s doesn't handle %s attributes , Declaration of %s attribute in package %s may clash with future reserved word , Can't have two ATTR specifiers on one subroutine , Can't autotie a %s , Internal error: %s symbol went missing , Won't be able to apply END handler

AUTHOR

BUGS

COPYRIGHT

AutoLoader - load subroutines only on demand

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Subroutine Stubs

Using AutoLoader 's AUTOLOAD Subroutine

Overriding AutoLoader 's AUTOLOAD Subroutine

Package Lexicals

Not Using AutoLoader

AutoLoader vs. SelfLoader

CAVEATS

SEE ALSO

AutoSplit - split a package for autoloading

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

$keep, $check, $modtime

Multiple packages

DIAGNOSTICS

B - The Perl Compiler

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OVERVIEW OF CLASSES

SV-RELATED CLASSES

B::SV METHODS

REFCNT, FLAGS

B::IV METHODS

IV, IVX, UVX, int_value, needs64bits, packiv

B::NV METHODS

NV, NVX

B::RV METHODS

RV

B::PV METHODS

PV, RV, PVX

B::PVMG METHODS

MAGIC, SvSTASH

B::MAGIC METHODS

MOREMAGIC, precomp, PRIVATE, TYPE, FLAGS, OBJ, PTR, REGEX

B::PVLV METHODS

TARGOFF, TARGLEN, TYPE, TARG

B::BM METHODS

USEFUL, PREVIOUS, RARE, TABLE

B::GV METHODS

is_empty, NAME, SAFENAME, STASH, SV, IO, FORM, AV, HV, EGV, CV, CVGEN, LINE, FILE, FILEGV, GvREFCNT, FLAGS

B::IO METHODS

LINES, PAGE, PAGE_LEN, LINES_LEFT, TOP_NAME, TOP_GV, FMT_NAME, FMT_GV, BOTTOM_NAME, BOTTOM_GV, SUBPROCESS, IoTYPE, IoFLAGS, IsSTD

B::AV METHODS

FILL, MAX, OFF, ARRAY, AvFLAGS

B::CV METHODS

STASH, START, ROOT, GV, FILE, DEPTH, PADLIST, OUTSIDE, XSUB, XSUBANY, CvFLAGS, const_sv

B::HV METHODS

FILL, MAX, KEYS, RITER, NAME, PMROOT, ARRAY

OP-RELATED CLASSES

B::OP METHODS

next, sibling, name, ppaddr, desc, targ, type, seq, flags, private

B::UNOP METHOD

first

B::BINOP METHOD

last

B::LOGOP METHOD

other

B::LISTOP METHOD

children

B::PMOP METHODS

pmreplroot, pmreplstart, pmnext, pmregexp, pmflags, pmdynflags, pmpermflags, precomp, pmoffet

B::SVOP METHOD

sv, gv

B::PADOP METHOD

padix

B::PVOP METHOD

pv

B::LOOP METHODS

redoop, nextop, lastop

B::COP METHODS

label, stash, file, cop_seq, arybase, line

FUNCTIONS EXPORTED BY B

main_cv, init_av, begin_av, end_av, main_root, main_start, comppadlist, regex_padav, sv_undef, sv_yes, sv_no, amagic_generation, walkoptree(OP, METHOD), walkoptree_debug(DEBUG), walksymtable(SYMREF, METHOD, RECURSE, PREFIX), svref_2object(SV), ppname(OPNUM), hash(STR), cast_I32(I), minus_c, cstring(STR), perlstring(STR), class(OBJ), threadsv_names

AUTHOR

B::Asmdata - Autogenerated data about Perl ops, used to generate bytecode

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

%insn_data, @insn_name, @optype, @specialsv_name

AUTHOR

B::Assembler - Assemble Perl bytecode

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHORS

B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functions

find_leaders

AUTHOR

B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

-ofilename , -afilename , -- , -f , -fcompress-nullops , -fomit-sequence-numbers , -fbypass-nullops , -On , -D , -Do , -Db , -Da , -DC , -S , -upackage

EXAMPLES

BUGS

AUTHORS

B::C - Perl compiler's C backend

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

-ofilename , -v , -- , -uPackname , -D , -Do , -Dc , -DA , -DC , -DM , -f , -fcog , -fsave-data , -fppaddr , -fwarn-sv , -fuse-script-name , -fsave-sig-hash , -On , -O0 , -O1 , -O2 , -llimit

EXAMPLES

BUGS

AUTHOR

B::CC - Perl compiler's optimized C translation backend

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

-ofilename , -v , -- , -uPackname , -mModulename , -D , -Dr , -DO , -Ds , -Dp , -Dq , -Dl , -Dt , -f , -ffreetmps-each-bblock , -ffreetmps-each-loop , -fomit-taint , -On

EXAMPLES

BUGS

DIFFERENCES

Loops

Context of ".."

Arithmetic

Deprecated features

AUTHOR

B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLE

OPTIONS

-basic , -exec , -tree , -compact , -loose , -vt , -ascii , -main , -base n , -bigendian , -littleendian , -concise , -terse , -linenoise , -debug , -env

FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS

(x( exec_text ; basic_text )x) , (*( text ))* , (*( text1 ; text2 ))* , (?( text1 # var Text2 )?) , # var , # var N , ~ , #addr , #arg , #class , #classsym , #coplabel , #exname , #extarg , #firstaddr , #flags , #flagval , #hyphseq , #label , #lastaddr , #name , #NAME , #next , #nextaddr , #noise , #private , #privval , #seq , #seqnum , #sibaddr , #svaddr , #svclass , #svval , #targ , #targarg , #targarglife , #typenum

ABBREVIATIONS

OP flags abbreviations

OP class abbreviations

Using B::Concise outside of the O framework

AUTHOR

B::Debug - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

B::Deparse - Perl compiler backend to produce perl code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

-l , -p , -P , -q , -f FILE , -s LETTERS , C , i NUMBER , T , v STRING . , -x LEVEL

USING B::Deparse AS A MODULE

Synopsis

Description

new

ambient_pragmas

strict, $[, bytes, utf8, integer, re, warnings, hint_bits, warning_bits

coderef2text

BUGS

AUTHOR

B::Disassembler - Disassemble Perl bytecode

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

B::Lint - Perl lint

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS AND LINT CHECKS

context , implicit-read and implicit-write , dollar-underscore , private-names , undefined-subs , regexp-variables , all , none

NON LINT-CHECK OPTIONS

-u Package

BUGS

AUTHOR

B::O, O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONVENTIONS

IMPLEMENTATION

BUGS

AUTHOR

B::Showlex - Show lexical variables used in functions or files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

B::Stackobj - Helper module for CC backend

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

B::Stash - show what stashes are loaded

B::Terse - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

B::Xref - Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

-oFILENAME , -r , -d , -D[tO]

BUGS

AUTHOR

Bblock, B::Bblock - Walk basic blocks

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functions

find_leaders

AUTHOR

Benchmark - benchmark running times of Perl code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods

new, debug, iters

Standard Exports

timeit(COUNT, CODE), timethis ( COUNT, CODE, [ TITLE, [ STYLE ]] ), timethese ( COUNT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), timediff ( T1, T2 ), timestr ( TIMEDIFF, [ STYLE, [ FORMAT ] ] )

Optional Exports

clearcache ( COUNT ), clearallcache ( ), cmpthese ( COUT, CODEHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), cmpthese ( RESULTSHASHREF, [ STYLE ] ), countit(TIME, CODE), disablecache ( ), enablecache ( ), timesum ( T1, T2 )

NOTES

EXAMPLES

INHERITANCE

CAVEATS

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

MODIFICATION HISTORY

ByteLoader - load byte compiled perl code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Bytecode, B::Bytecode - Perl compiler's bytecode backend

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

-ofilename , -afilename , -- , -f , -fcompress-nullops , -fomit-sequence-numbers , -fbypass-nullops , -On , -D , -Do , -Db , -Da , -DC , -S , -upackage

EXAMPLES

BUGS

AUTHORS

CGI - Simple Common Gateway Interface Class

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

PROGRAMMING STYLE

CALLING CGI.PM ROUTINES

CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT (OBJECT-ORIENTED STYLE):

CREATING A NEW QUERY OBJECT FROM AN INPUT FILE

FETCHING A LIST OF KEYWORDS FROM THE QUERY:

FETCHING THE NAMES OF ALL THE PARAMETERS PASSED TO YOUR SCRIPT:

FETCHING THE VALUE OR VALUES OF A SINGLE NAMED PARAMETER:

SETTING THE VALUE(S) OF A NAMED PARAMETER:

APPENDING ADDITIONAL VALUES TO A NAMED PARAMETER:

IMPORTING ALL PARAMETERS INTO A NAMESPACE:

DELETING A PARAMETER COMPLETELY:

DELETING ALL PARAMETERS:

DIRECT ACCESS TO THE PARAMETER LIST:

FETCHING THE PARAMETER LIST AS A HASH:

SAVING THE STATE OF THE SCRIPT TO A FILE:

RETRIEVING CGI ERRORS

USING THE FUNCTION-ORIENTED INTERFACE

:cgi , :form , :html2 , :html3 , :html4 , :netscape , :html , :standard , :all

PRAGMAS

-any, -compile, -nosticky, -no_undef_params, -no_xhtml, -nph, -newstyle_urls, -oldstyle_urls, -autoload, -no_debug, -debug, -private_tempfiles

SPECIAL FORMS FOR IMPORTING HTML-TAG FUNCTIONS

1. start_table() (generates a <table> tag), 2. end_table() (generates a </table> tag), 3. start_ul() (generates a <ul> tag), 4. end_ul() (generates a </ul> tag)

GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS

CREATING A STANDARD HTTP HEADER:

GENERATING A REDIRECTION HEADER

CREATING THE HTML DOCUMENT HEADER

Parameters: , 4, 5, 6..

ENDING THE HTML DOCUMENT:

CREATING A SELF-REFERENCING URL THAT PRESERVES STATE INFORMATION:

OBTAINING THE SCRIPT'S URL

-absolute , -relative , -full , -path ( -path_info ), -query ( -query_string ), -base

MIXING POST AND URL PARAMETERS

CREATING STANDARD HTML ELEMENTS:

PROVIDING ARGUMENTS TO HTML SHORTCUTS

THE DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY OF HTML SHORTCUTS

HTML SHORTCUTS AND LIST INTERPOLATION

NON-STANDARD HTML SHORTCUTS

AUTOESCAPING HTML

$escaped_string = escapeHTML("unescaped string");, $charset = charset([$charset]);, $flag = autoEscape([$flag]);

PRETTY-PRINTING HTML

CREATING FILL-OUT FORMS:

CREATING AN ISINDEX TAG

STARTING AND ENDING A FORM

application/x-www-form-urlencoded , multipart/form-data

CREATING A TEXT FIELD

Parameters

CREATING A BIG TEXT FIELD

CREATING A PASSWORD FIELD

CREATING A FILE UPLOAD FIELD

Parameters

CREATING A POPUP MENU

CREATING A SCROLLING LIST

Parameters:

CREATING A GROUP OF RELATED CHECKBOXES

Parameters:

CREATING A STANDALONE CHECKBOX

Parameters:

CREATING A RADIO BUTTON GROUP

Parameters:

CREATING A SUBMIT BUTTON

Parameters:

CREATING A RESET BUTTON

CREATING A DEFAULT BUTTON

CREATING A HIDDEN FIELD

Parameters:

CREATING A CLICKABLE IMAGE BUTTON

Parameters:

CREATING A JAVASCRIPT ACTION BUTTON

HTTP COOKIES

1. an expiration time, 2. a domain, 3. a path, 4. a "secure" flag, -name , -value , -path , -domain , -expires , -secure

WORKING WITH FRAMES

1. Create a <Frameset> document, 2. Specify the destination for the document in the HTTP header, 3. Specify the destination for the document in the <form> tag

LIMITED SUPPORT FOR CASCADING STYLE SHEETS

DEBUGGING

DUMPING OUT ALL THE NAME/VALUE PAIRS

FETCHING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

Accept() , raw_cookie() , user_agent() , path_info() , path_translated() , remote_host() , script_name() , referer() , auth_type () , server_name () , virtual_host () , server_port () , server_software () , remote_user () , user_name () , request_method() , content_type() , http() , https()

USING NPH SCRIPTS

In the use statement, By calling the nph() method:, By using -nph parameters

Server Push

multipart_init(), multipart_start(), multipart_end(), multipart_final()

Avoiding Denial of Service Attacks

$CGI::POST_MAX , $CGI::DISABLE_UPLOADS , 1. On a script-by-script basis , 2. Globally for all scripts

COMPATIBILITY WITH CGI-LIB.PL

AUTHOR INFORMATION

CREDITS

Matt Heffron (heffron@falstaff.example.com.css.beckman.com), James Taylor (james.taylor@srs.example.com.gov), Scott Anguish <sanguish@digifix.com>, Mike Jewell (mlj3u@virginia.example.com.edu), Timothy Shimmin (tes@kbs.example.com.citri.edu.au), Joergen Haegg (jh@axis.example.com.se), Laurent Delfosse (delfosse@delfosse.example.com.com), Richard Resnick (applepi1@aol.example.com.com), Craig Bishop (csb@barwonwater.example.com.vic.gov.au), Tony Curtis (tc@vcpc.example.com.univie.ac.at), Tim Bunce (Tim.Bunce@ig.example.com.co.uk), Tom Christiansen (tchrist@convex.example.com.com), Andreas Koenig (k@franz.example.com.ww.TU-Berlin.DE), Tim MacKenzie (Tim.MacKenzie@fulcrum.example.com.com.au), Kevin B. Hendricks (kbhend@dogwood.example.com.tyler.wm.edu), Stephen Dahmen (joyfire@inxpress.example.com.net), Ed Jordan (ed@fidalgo.example.com.net), David Alan Pisoni (david@cnation.example.com.com), Doug MacEachern (dougm@opengroup.example.com.org), Robin Houston (robin@oneworld.example.com.org), ...and many many more..

A COMPLETE EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE FORM-BASED SCRIPT

BUGS

SEE ALSO

CGI::Apache - Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR INFORMATION

BUGS

SEE ALSO

CGI::Carp, CGI::Carp - CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other) error log

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

REDIRECTING ERROR MESSAGES

MAKING PERL ERRORS APPEAR IN THE BROWSER WINDOW

Changing the default message

MAKING WARNINGS APPEAR AS HTML COMMENTS

CHANGE LOG

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

CGI::Cookie - Interface to Netscape Cookies

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

USING CGI::Cookie

1. expiration date , 2. domain , 3. path , 4. secure flag

Creating New Cookies

Sending the Cookie to the Browser

Recovering Previous Cookies

Manipulating Cookies

name() , value() , domain() , path() , expires()

AUTHOR INFORMATION

BUGS

SEE ALSO

CGI::Fast - CGI Interface for Fast CGI

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OTHER PIECES OF THE PUZZLE

WRITING FASTCGI PERL SCRIPTS

INSTALLING FASTCGI SCRIPTS

USING FASTCGI SCRIPTS AS CGI SCRIPTS

EXTERNAL FASTCGI SERVER INVOCATION

FCGI_SOCKET_PATH, FCGI_LISTEN_QUEUE

CAVEATS

AUTHOR INFORMATION

BUGS

SEE ALSO

CGI::Pretty - module to produce nicely formatted HTML code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Tags that won't be formatted

Customizing the Indenting

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

CGI::Push - Simple Interface to Server Push

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

USING CGI::Push

-next_page, -last_page, -type, -delay, -cookie, -target, -expires, -nph

Heterogeneous Pages

Changing the Page Delay on the Fly

INSTALLING CGI::Push SCRIPTS

AUTHOR INFORMATION

BUGS

SEE ALSO

CGI::Switch - Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR INFORMATION

BUGS

SEE ALSO

CGI::Util - Internal utilities used by CGI module

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR INFORMATION

SEE ALSO

CPAN - query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Interactive Mode

Searching for authors, bundles, distribution files and modules, make, test, install, clean modules or distributions, get, readme, look module or distribution, ls author, Signals

CPAN::Shell

autobundle

recompile

The four CPAN::* Classes: Author, Bundle, Module, Distribution

Programmer's interface

expand($type,@things), expandany(@things), Programming Examples

Methods in the other Classes

CPAN::Author::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Author::as_string(), CPAN::Author::email(), CPAN::Author::fullname(), CPAN::Author::name(), CPAN::Bundle::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Bundle::as_string(), CPAN::Bundle::clean(), CPAN::Bundle::contains(), CPAN::Bundle::force($method,@args), CPAN::Bundle::get(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_file(), CPAN::Bundle::inst_version(), CPAN::Bundle::uptodate(), CPAN::Bundle::install(), CPAN::Bundle::make(), CPAN::Bundle::readme(), CPAN::Bundle::test(), CPAN::Distribution::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Distribution::as_string(), CPAN::Distribution::clean(), CPAN::Distribution::containsmods(), CPAN::Distribution::cvs_import(), CPAN::Distribution::dir(), CPAN::Distribution::force($method,@args), CPAN::Distribution::get(), CPAN::Distribution::install(), CPAN::Distribution::isa_perl(), CPAN::Distribution::look(), CPAN::Distribution::make(), CPAN::Distribution::prereq_pm(), CPAN::Distribution::readme(), CPAN::Distribution::test(), CPAN::Distribution::uptodate(), CPAN::Index::force_reload(), CPAN::Index::reload(), CPAN::InfoObj::dump(), CPAN::Module::as_glimpse(), CPAN::Module::as_string(), CPAN::Module::clean(), CPAN::Module::cpan_file(), CPAN::Module::cpan_version(), CPAN::Module::cvs_import(), CPAN::Module::description(), CPAN::Module::force($method,@args), CPAN::Module::get(), CPAN::Module::inst_file(), CPAN::Module::inst_version(), CPAN::Module::install(), CPAN::Module::look(), CPAN::Module::make(), CPAN::Module::manpage_headline(), CPAN::Module::readme(), CPAN::Module::test(), CPAN::Module::uptodate(), CPAN::Module::userid()

Cache Manager

Bundles

Prerequisites

Finding packages and VERSION

Debugging

Floppy, Zip, Offline Mode

CONFIGURATION

o conf <scalar option> , o conf <scalar option> <value> , o conf <list option> , o conf <list option> [shift|pop] , o conf <list option> [unshift|push|splice] <list>

Note on urllist parameter's format

urllist parameter has CD-ROM support

SECURITY

EXPORT

POPULATE AN INSTALLATION WITH LOTS OF MODULES

WORKING WITH CPAN.pm BEHIND FIREWALLS

Three basic types of firewalls

http firewall, ftp firewall, One way visibility, SOCKS, IP Masquerade

Configuring lynx or ncftp for going through a firewall

FAQ

1), 2), 3), 4), 5), 6), 7), 8), 9), 10)

BUGS

AUTHOR

TRANSLATIONS

SEE ALSO

CPAN::FirstTime - Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CPANox, CPAN::Nox - Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

Carp, carp - warn of errors (from perspective of caller)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Forcing a Stack Trace

BUGS

Carp::Heavy, Carp heavy machinery - no user serviceable parts inside

Class::ISA -- report the search path for a class's ISA tree

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS

the function Class::ISA::super_path($CLASS), the function Class::ISA::self_and_super_path($CLASS), the function Class::ISA::self_and_super_versions($CLASS)

CAUTIONARY NOTES

COPYRIGHT

AUTHOR

Class::Struct - declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The struct() function

Class Creation at Compile Time

Element Types and Accessor Methods

Scalar ( '$' or '*$' ), Array ( '@' or '*@' ), Hash ( '%' or '*%' ), Class ( 'Class_Name' or '*Class_Name' )

Initializing with new

EXAMPLES

Example 1, Example 2, Example 3

Author and Modification History

Config - access Perl configuration information

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

myconfig(), config_sh(), config_vars(@names)

EXAMPLE

WARNING

GLOSSARY

_

_a , _exe , _o

a

afs , afsroot , alignbytes , ansi2knr , aphostname , api_revision , api_subversion , api_version , api_versionstring , ar , archlib , archlibexp , archname64 , archname , archobjs , asctime_r_proto , awk

b

baserev , bash , bin , binexp , bison , byacc , byteorder

c

c , castflags , cat , cc , cccdlflags , ccdlflags , ccflags , ccflags_uselargefiles , ccname , ccsymbols , ccversion , cf_by , cf_email , cf_time , charsize , chgrp , chmod , chown , clocktype , comm , compress , contains , cp , cpio , cpp , cpp_stuff , cppccsymbols , cppflags , cpplast , cppminus , cpprun , cppstdin , cppsymbols , crypt_r_proto , cryptlib , csh , ctermid_r_proto , ctime_r_proto

d

d__fwalk , d_access , d_accessx , d_alarm , d_archlib , d_asctime_r , d_atolf , d_atoll , d_attribut , d_bcmp , d_bcopy , d_bsd , d_bsdgetpgrp , d_bsdsetpgrp , d_bzero , d_casti32 , d_castneg , d_charvspr , d_chown , d_chroot , d_chsize , d_class , d_closedir , d_cmsghdr_s , d_const , d_crypt , d_crypt_r , d_csh , d_ctermid_r , d_ctime_r , d_cuserid , d_dbl_dig , d_dbminitproto , d_difftime , d_dirfd , d_dirnamlen , d_dlerror , d_dlopen , d_dlsymun , d_dosuid , d_drand48_r , d_drand48proto , d_dup2 , d_eaccess , d_endgrent , d_endgrent_r , d_endhent , d_endhostent_r , d_endnent , d_endnetent_r , d_endpent , d_endprotoent_r , d_endpwent , d_endpwent_r , d_endsent , d_endservent_r , d_eofnblk , d_eunice , d_fchdir , d_fchmod , d_fchown , d_fcntl , d_fcntl_can_lock , d_fd_macros , d_fd_set , d_fds_bits , d_fgetpos , d_finite , d_finitel , d_flexfnam , d_flock , d_flockproto , d_fork , d_fp_class , d_fpathconf , d_fpclass , d_fpclassify , d_fpclassl , d_fpos64_t , d_frexpl , d_fs_data_s , d_fseeko , d_fsetpos , d_fstatfs , d_fstatvfs , d_fsync , d_ftello , d_ftime , d_Gconvert , d_getcwd , d_getespwnam , d_getfsstat , d_getgrent , d_getgrent_r , d_getgrgid_r , d_getgrnam_r , d_getgrps , d_gethbyaddr , d_gethbyname , d_gethent , d_gethname , d_gethostbyaddr_r , d_gethostbyname_r , d_gethostent_r , d_gethostprotos , d_getitimer , d_getlogin , d_getlogin_r , d_getmnt , d_getmntent , d_getnbyaddr , d_getnbyname , d_getnent , d_getnetbyaddr_r , d_getnetbyname_r , d_getnetent_r , d_getnetprotos , d_getpagsz , d_getpbyname , d_getpbynumber , d_getpent , d_getpgid , d_getpgrp2 , d_getpgrp , d_getppid , d_getprior , d_getprotobyname_r , d_getprotobynumber_r , d_getprotoent_r , d_getprotoprotos , d_getprpwnam , d_getpwent , d_getpwent_r , d_getpwnam_r , d_getpwuid_r , d_getsbyname , d_getsbyport , d_getsent , d_getservbyname_r , d_getservbyport_r , d_getservent_r , d_getservprotos , d_getspnam , d_getspnam_r , d_gettimeod , d_gmtime_r , d_gnulibc , d_grpasswd , d_hasmntopt , d_htonl , d_index , d_inetaton , d_int64_t , d_isascii , d_isfinite , d_isinf , d_isnan , d_isnanl , d_killpg , d_lchown , d_ldbl_dig , d_link , d_localtime_r , d_locconv , d_lockf , d_longdbl , d_longlong , d_lseekproto , d_lstat , d_madvise , d_mblen , d_mbstowcs , d_mbtowc , d_memchr , d_memcmp , d_memcpy , d_memmove , d_memset , d_mkdir , d_mkdtemp , d_mkfifo , d_mkstemp , d_mkstemps , d_mktime , d_mmap , d_modfl , d_modfl_pow32_bug , d_mprotect , d_msg , d_msg_ctrunc , d_msg_dontroute , d_msg_oob , d_msg_peek , d_msg_proxy , d_msgctl , d_msgget , d_msghdr_s , d_msgrcv , d_msgsnd , d_msync , d_munmap , d_mymalloc , d_nice , d_nl_langinfo , d_nv_preserves_uv , d_off64_t , d_old_pthread_create_joinable , d_oldpthreads , d_oldsock , d_open3 , d_pathconf , d_pause , d_perl_otherlibdirs , d_phostname , d_pipe , d_poll , d_portable , d_PRId64 , d_PRIeldbl , d_PRIEUldbl , d_PRIfldbl , d_PRIFUldbl , d_PRIgldbl , d_PRIGUldbl , d_PRIi64 , d_PRIo64 , d_PRIu64 , d_PRIx64 , d_PRIXU64 , d_procselfexe , d_pthread_atfork , d_pthread_yield , d_pwage , d_pwchange , d_pwclass , d_pwcomment , d_pwexpire , d_pwgecos , d_pwpasswd , d_pwquota , d_qgcvt , d_quad , d_random_r , d_readdir64_r , d_readdir , d_readdir_r , d_readlink , d_readv , d_recvmsg , d_rename , d_rewinddir , d_rmdir , d_safebcpy , d_safemcpy , d_sanemcmp , d_sbrkproto , d_sched_yield , d_scm_rights , d_SCNfldbl , d_seekdir , d_select , d_sem , d_semctl , d_semctl_semid_ds , d_semctl_semun , d_semget , d_semop , d_sendmsg , d_setegid , d_seteuid , d_setgrent , d_setgrent_r , d_setgrps , d_sethent , d_sethostent_r , d_setitimer , d_setlinebuf , d_setlocale , d_setlocale_r , d_setnent , d_setnetent_r , d_setpent , d_setpgid , d_setpgrp2 , d_setpgrp , d_setprior , d_setproctitle , d_setprotoent_r , d_setpwent , d_setpwent_r , d_setregid , d_setresgid , d_setresuid , d_setreuid , d_setrgid , d_setruid , d_setsent , d_setservent_r , d_setsid , d_setvbuf , d_sfio , d_shm , d_shmat , d_shmatprototype , d_shmctl , d_shmdt , d_shmget , d_sigaction , d_sigprocmask , d_sigsetjmp , d_sockatmark , d_sockatmarkproto , d_socket , d_socklen_t , d_sockpair , d_socks5_init , d_sqrtl , d_srand48_r , d_srandom_r , d_sresgproto , d_sresuproto , d_statblks , d_statfs_f_flags , d_statfs_s , d_statvfs , d_stdio_cnt_lval , d_stdio_ptr_lval , d_stdio_ptr_lval_nochange_cnt , d_stdio_ptr_lval_sets_cnt , d_stdio_stream_array , d_stdiobase , d_stdstdio , d_strchr , d_strcoll , d_strctcpy , d_strerrm , d_strerror , d_strerror_r , d_strftime , d_strtod , d_strtol , d_strtold , d_strtoll , d_strtoq , d_strtoul , d_strtoull , d_strtouq , d_strxfrm , d_suidsafe , d_symlink , d_syscall , d_syscallproto , d_sysconf , d_sysernlst , d_syserrlst , d_system , d_tcgetpgrp , d_tcsetpgrp , d_telldir , d_telldirproto , d_time , d_times , d_tm_tm_gmtoff , d_tm_tm_zone , d_tmpnam_r , d_truncate , d_ttyname_r , d_tzname , d_u32align , d_ualarm , d_umask , d_uname , d_union_semun , d_unordered , d_usleep , d_usleepproto , d_ustat , d_vendorarch , d_vendorbin , d_vendorlib , d_vfork , d_void_closedir , d_voidsig , d_voidtty , d_volatile , d_vprintf , d_wait4 , d_waitpid , d_wcstombs , d_wctomb , d_writev , d_xenix , date , db_hashtype , db_prefixtype , db_version_major , db_version_minor , db_version_patch , defvoidused , direntrytype , dlext , dlsrc , doublesize , drand01 , drand48_r_proto , dynamic_ext

e

eagain , ebcdic , echo , egrep , emacs , endgrent_r_proto , endhostent_r_proto , endnetent_r_proto , endprotoent_r_proto , endpwent_r_proto , endservent_r_proto , eunicefix , exe_ext , expr , extensions , extras

f

fflushall , fflushNULL , find , firstmakefile , flex , fpossize , fpostype , freetype , from , full_ar , full_csh , full_sed

g

gccosandvers , gccversion , getgrent_r_proto , getgrgid_r_proto , getgrnam_r_proto , gethostbyaddr_r_proto , gethostbyname_r_proto , gethostent_r_proto , getlogin_r_proto , getnetbyaddr_r_proto , getnetbyname_r_proto , getnetent_r_proto , getprotobyname_r_proto , getprotobynumber_r_proto , getprotoent_r_proto , getpwent_r_proto , getpwnam_r_proto , getpwuid_r_proto , getservbyname_r_proto , getservbyport_r_proto , getservent_r_proto , getspnam_r_proto , gidformat , gidsign , gidsize , gidtype , glibpth , gmake , gmtime_r_proto , gnulibc_version , grep , groupcat , groupstype , gzip

h

h_fcntl , h_sysfile , hint , hostcat

i

i16size , i16type , i32size , i32type , i64size , i64type , i8size , i8type , i_arpainet , i_bsdioctl , i_crypt , i_db , i_dbm , i_dirent , i_dld , i_dlfcn , i_fcntl , i_float , i_fp , i_fp_class , i_gdbm , i_grp , i_ieeefp , i_inttypes , i_langinfo , i_libutil , i_limits , i_locale , i_machcthr , i_malloc , i_math , i_memory , i_mntent , i_ndbm , i_netdb , i_neterrno , i_netinettcp , i_niin , i_poll , i_prot , i_pthread , i_pwd , i_rpcsvcdbm , i_sfio , i_sgtty , i_shadow , i_socks , i_stdarg , i_stddef , i_stdlib , i_string , i_sunmath , i_sysaccess , i_sysdir , i_sysfile , i_sysfilio , i_sysin , i_sysioctl , i_syslog , i_sysmman , i_sysmode , i_sysmount , i_sysndir , i_sysparam , i_sysresrc , i_syssecrt , i_sysselct , i_syssockio , i_sysstat , i_sysstatfs , i_sysstatvfs , i_systime , i_systimek , i_systimes , i_systypes , i_sysuio , i_sysun , i_sysutsname , i_sysvfs , i_syswait , i_termio , i_termios , i_time , i_unistd , i_ustat , i_utime , i_values , i_varargs , i_varhdr , i_vfork , ignore_versioned_solibs , inc_version_list , inc_version_list_init , incpath , inews , installarchlib , installbin , installman1dir , installman3dir , installprefix , installprefixexp , installprivlib , installscript , installsitearch , installsitebin , installsitelib , installstyle , installusrbinperl , installvendorarch , installvendorbin , installvendorlib , intsize , issymlink , ivdformat , ivsize , ivtype

k

known_extensions , ksh

l

ld , lddlflags , ldflags , ldflags_uselargefiles , ldlibpthname , less , lib_ext , libc , libperl , libpth , libs , libsdirs , libsfiles , libsfound , libspath , libswanted , libswanted_uselargefiles , line , lint , lkflags , ln , lns , localtime_r_proto , locincpth , loclibpth , longdblsize , longlongsize , longsize , lp , lpr , ls , lseeksize , lseektype

m

mail , mailx , make , make_set_make , mallocobj , mallocsrc , malloctype , man1dir , man1direxp , man1ext , man3dir , man3direxp , man3ext

M

Mcc , mips_type , mkdir , mmaptype , modetype , more , multiarch , mv , myarchname , mydomain , myhostname , myuname

n

n , need_va_copy , netdb_hlen_type , netdb_host_type , netdb_name_type , netdb_net_type , nm , nm_opt , nm_so_opt , nonxs_ext , nroff , nv_preserves_uv_bits , nveformat , nvEUformat , nvfformat , nvFUformat , nvgformat , nvGUformat , nvsize , nvtype

o

o_nonblock , obj_ext , old_pthread_create_joinable , optimize , orderlib , osname , osvers , otherlibdirs

p

package , pager , passcat , patchlevel , path_sep , perl5 , perl , perl_patchlevel

P

PERL_REVISION , PERL_SUBVERSION , PERL_VERSION , perladmin , perllibs , perlpath , pg , phostname , pidtype , plibpth , pm_apiversion , pmake , pr , prefix , prefixexp , privlib , privlibexp , procselfexe , prototype , ptrsize

q

quadkind , quadtype

r

randbits , randfunc , random_r_proto , randseedtype , ranlib , rd_nodata , readdir64_r_proto , readdir_r_proto , revision , rm , rmail , run , runnm

s

sched_yield , scriptdir , scriptdirexp , sed , seedfunc , selectminbits , selecttype , sendmail , setgrent_r_proto , sethostent_r_proto , setlocale_r_proto , setnetent_r_proto , setprotoent_r_proto , setpwent_r_proto , setservent_r_proto , sh , shar , sharpbang , shmattype , shortsize , shrpenv , shsharp , sig_count , sig_name , sig_name_init , sig_num , sig_num_init , sig_size , signal_t , sitearch , sitearchexp , sitebin , sitebinexp , sitelib , sitelib_stem , sitelibexp , siteprefix , siteprefixexp , sizesize , sizetype , sleep , smail , so , sockethdr , socketlib , socksizetype , sort , spackage , spitshell , sPRId64 , sPRIeldbl , sPRIEUldbl , sPRIfldbl , sPRIFUldbl , sPRIgldbl , sPRIGUldbl , sPRIi64 , sPRIo64 , sPRIu64 , sPRIx64 , sPRIXU64 , srand48_r_proto , srandom_r_proto , src , sSCNfldbl , ssizetype , startperl , startsh , static_ext , stdchar , stdio_base , stdio_bufsiz , stdio_cnt , stdio_filbuf , stdio_ptr , stdio_stream_array , strerror_r_proto , strings , submit , subversion , sysman

t

tail , tar , targetarch , tbl , tee , test , timeincl , timetype , tmpnam_r_proto , to , touch , tr , trnl , troff , ttyname_r_proto

u

u16size , u16type , u32size , u32type , u64size , u64type , u8size , u8type , uidformat , uidsign , uidsize , uidtype , uname , uniq , uquadtype , use5005threads , use64bitall , use64bitint , usecrosscompile , usedl , useithreads , uselargefiles , uselongdouble , usemorebits , usemultiplicity , usemymalloc , usenm , useopcode , useperlio , useposix , usereentrant , usesfio , useshrplib , usesocks , usethreads , usevendorprefix , usevfork , usrinc , uuname , uvoformat , uvsize , uvtype , uvuformat , uvxformat , uvXUformat

v

vendorarch , vendorarchexp , vendorbin , vendorbinexp , vendorlib , vendorlib_stem , vendorlibexp , vendorprefix , vendorprefixexp , version , version_patchlevel_string , versiononly , vi , voidflags

x

xlibpth , xs_apiversion

y

yacc , yaccflags

z

zcat , zip

NOTE

Cwd - get pathname of current working directory

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

getcwd and friends

getcwd, cwd, fastcwd, fastgetcwd

abs_path and friends

abs_path, realpath, fast_abs_path

$ENV{PWD}

NOTES

SEE ALSO

DB - programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API (draft, subject to change)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Global Variables

 $DB::sub,  %DB::sub,  $DB::single,  $DB::signal,  $DB::trace,  @DB::args, 
@DB::dbline,  %DB::dbline,  $DB::package,  $DB::filename,  $DB::subname, 
$DB::lineno

API Methods

CLIENT->register(), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->skippkg('D::hide'), CLIENT->run(), CLIENT->step(), CLIENT->next(), CLIENT->done()

Client Callback Methods

CLIENT->init(), CLIENT->prestop([STRING]), CLIENT->stop(), CLIENT->idle(), CLIENT->poststop([STRING]), CLIENT->evalcode(STRING), CLIENT->cleanup(), CLIENT->output(LIST)

BUGS

AUTHOR

DB_File - Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

DB_HASH , DB_BTREE , DB_RECNO

Using DB_File with Berkeley DB version 2 or greater

Interface to Berkeley DB

Opening a Berkeley DB Database File

Default Parameters

In Memory Databases

DB_HASH

A Simple Example

DB_BTREE

Changing the BTREE sort order

Handling Duplicate Keys

The get_dup() Method

The find_dup() Method

The del_dup() Method

Matching Partial Keys

DB_RECNO

The 'bval' Option

A Simple Example

Extra RECNO Methods

$X->push(list) ; , $value = $X->pop ; , $X->shift , $X->unshift(list) ; , $X->length , $X->splice(offset, length, elements);

Another Example

THE API INTERFACE

$status = $X->get($key, $value [, $flags]) ; , $status = $X->put($key, $value [, $flags]) ; , $status = $X->del($key [, $flags]) ; , $status = $X->fd ; , $status = $X->seq($key, $value, $flags) ; , $status = $X->sync([$flags]) ;

DBM FILTERS

filter_store_key , filter_store_value , filter_fetch_key , filter_fetch_value

The Filter

An Example -- the NULL termination problem.

Another Example -- Key is a C int.

HINTS AND TIPS

Locking: The Trouble with fd

Safe ways to lock a database

Tie::DB_Lock , Tie::DB_LockFile , DB_File::Lock

Sharing Databases With C Applications

The untie() Gotcha

COMMON QUESTIONS

Why is there Perl source in my database?

How do I store complex data structures with DB_File?

What does "Invalid Argument" mean?

What does "Bareword 'DB_File' not allowed" mean?

REFERENCES

HISTORY

BUGS

AVAILABILITY

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

Data::Dumper - stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and eval

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods

PACKAGE ->new( ARRAYREF [ , ARRAYREF] ), $OBJ ->Dump or PACKAGE ->Dump( ARRAYREF [ , ARRAYREF] ), $OBJ ->Seen( [HASHREF] ), $OBJ ->Values( [ARRAYREF] ), $OBJ ->Names( [ARRAYREF] ), $OBJ ->Reset

Functions

Dumper( LIST )

Configuration Variables or Methods

$Data::Dumper::Indent or $OBJ ->Indent( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Purity or $OBJ ->Purity( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Pad or $OBJ ->Pad( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Varname or $OBJ ->Varname( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Useqq or $OBJ ->Useqq( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Terse or $OBJ ->Terse( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Freezer or $ OBJ ->Freezer( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Toaster or $ OBJ ->Toaster( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Deepcopy or $ OBJ ->Deepcopy( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys or $ OBJ ->Quotekeys( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Bless or $ OBJ ->Bless( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Maxdepth or $ OBJ ->Maxdepth( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Useperl or $ OBJ ->Useperl( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Sortkeys or $ OBJ ->Sortkeys( [NEWVAL] ), $Data::Dumper::Deparse or $ OBJ ->Deparse( [NEWVAL] )

Exports

Dumper

EXAMPLES

BUGS

AUTHOR

VERSION

SEE ALSO

Devel::DProf - a Perl code profiler

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

PROFILE FORMAT

AUTOLOAD

ENVIRONMENT

BUGS

SEE ALSO

Devel::PPPort, Perl/Pollution/Portability

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

WriteFile

ppport.h

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Devel::Peek - A data debugging tool for the XS programmer

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Runtime debugging

Memory footprint debugging

EXAMPLES

A simple scalar string

A simple scalar number

A simple scalar with an extra reference

A reference to a simple scalar

A reference to an array

A reference to a hash

Dumping a large array or hash

A reference to an SV which holds a C pointer

A reference to a subroutine

EXPORTS

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Devel::SelfStubber - generate stubs for a SelfLoading module

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Digest:: - Modules that calculate message digests

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

binary , hex , base64

OO INTERFACE

$ctx = Digest->XXX($arg,...), $ctx = Digest->new(XXX => $arg,...), $ctx = Digest::XXX->new($arg,...), $ctx->reset, $ctx->add($data,...), $ctx->addfile($io_handle), $ctx->digest, $ctx->hexdigest, $ctx->b64digest

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS

md5($data,...), md5_hex($data,...), md5_base64($data,...)

METHODS

$md5 = Digest::MD5->new, $md5->reset, $md5->add($data,...), $md5->addfile($io_handle), $md5->digest, $md5->hexdigest, $md5->b64digest

EXAMPLES

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

AUTHORS

DirHandle - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTES

Dumpvalue - provides screen dump of Perl data.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Creation

arrayDepth , hashDepth , compactDump , veryCompact , globPrint , dumpDBFiles , dumpPackages , dumpReused , tick , quoteHighBit , printUndef , usageOnly , unctrl, subdump, bareStringify, quoteHighBit, stopDbSignal

Methods

dumpValue, dumpValues, stringify, dumpvars, set_quote, set_unctrl, compactDump, veryCompact, set, get

DynaLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

@dl_library_path, @dl_resolve_using, @dl_require_symbols, @dl_librefs, @dl_modules, dl_error(), $dl_debug, dl_findfile(), dl_expandspec(), dl_load_file(), dl_unload_file(), dl_loadflags(), dl_find_symbol(), dl_find_symbol_anywhere(), dl_undef_symbols(), dl_install_xsub(), bootstrap()

AUTHOR

DynaLoader::XSLoader, XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

Encode - character encodings

SYNOPSIS

Table of Contents

DESCRIPTION

TERMINOLOGY

PERL ENCODING API

$octets = encode(ENCODING, $string [, CHECK]), $string = decode(ENCODING, $octets [, CHECK]), [$length =] from_to($octets, FROM_ENC, TO_ENC [, CHECK]), $octets = encode_utf8($string);, $string = decode_utf8($octets [, CHECK]);

Listing available encodings

Defining Aliases

Encoding via PerlIO

Handling Malformed Data

CHECK = Encode::FB_DEFAULT ( = 0),  CHECK  = Encode::FB_CROAK ( = 1), CHECK = Encode::FB_QUIET, CHECK = Encode::FB_WARN, perlqq mode ( CHECK = Encode::FB_PERLQQ), HTML charref mode ( CHECK = Encode::FB_HTMLCREF), XML charref mode ( CHECK = Encode::FB_XMLCREF), The bitmask

Unimplemented fallback schemes

Defining Encodings

The UTF-8 flag

Goal #1:, Goal #2:, Goal #3:, Goal #4:

Messing with Perl's Internals

is_utf8(STRING [, CHECK]), _utf8_on(STRING), _utf8_off(STRING)

SEE ALSO

MAINTAINER

Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code reference, e.g.:

Alias overloading

SEE ALSO

Encode::Byte - Single Byte Encodings

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

Encode::CJKConstants -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*

Encode::CN - China-based Chinese Encodings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTES

BUGS

SEE ALSO

Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN

Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode

Encode::EBCDIC - EBCDIC Encodings

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods you should implement

->encode($string [,$check]), ->decode($octets [,$check])

Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings

->name, ->new_sequence, ->perlio_ok(), ->needs_lines()

Example: Encode::ROT13

Why the heck Encode API is different?

Compiled Encodings

SEE ALSO

Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes

Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), guess_encoding($data, [, list of suspects ])

CAVEATS

TO DO

SEE ALSO

Encode::JP - Japanese Encodings

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

Note on ISO-2022-JP(-1)?

BUGS

SEE ALSO

Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*

Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP

Encode::KR - Korean Encodings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

BUGS

SEE ALSO

Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR

Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

BUGS

SEE ALSO

Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO

Overview

How does it work?

BUGS

Workaround

How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?

SEE ALSO

Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode

DESCRIPTION

Encoding Names

Supported Encodings

Built-in Encodings

Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings

Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII

ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1

CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)

Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN

Miscellaneous encodings

Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess

Unsupported encodings

  ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings

Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology

Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)

Microsoft-related naming mess

KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS

Glossary

character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, UTF-16

See Also

References

ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq ISO-2022 ), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary

Other Notable Sites

czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: "Introduction to i18n"

Offline sources

CJKV Information Processing by Ken Lunde

Encode::Symbol - Symbol Encodings

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

Encode::TW - Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTES

BUGS

SEE ALSO

Encode::Unicode -- Various Unicode Transformation Formats

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

http://www.unicode.org/glossary/ says:, Quick Reference

Size, Endianness, and BOM

by size

by endianness

BOM as integer when fetched in network byte order

Surrogate Pairs

SEE ALSO

Encode::lib::Encode::Alias, Encode::Alias - alias definitions to encodings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

As a simple string, As a qr// compiled regular expression, e.g.:, As a code reference, e.g.:

Alias overloading

SEE ALSO

Encode::lib::Encode::CJKConstants, Encode::CJKConstants.pm -- Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*

Encode::lib::Encode::CN::HZ, Encode::CN::HZ -- internally used by Encode::CN

Encode::lib::Encode::Config, Encode::Config -- internally used by Encode

Encode::lib::Encode::Encoding, Encode::Encoding - Encode Implementation Base Class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods you should implement

->encode($string [,$check]), ->decode($octets [,$check])

Other methods defined in Encode::Encodings

->name, ->new_sequence, ->perlio_ok(), ->needs_lines()

Example: Encode::ROT13

Why the heck Encode API is different?

Compiled Encodings

SEE ALSO

Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Other Schemes

Encode::lib::Encode::Guess, Encode::Guess -- Guesses encoding from data

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

Encode::Guess->set_suspects, Encode::Guess->add_suspects, Encode::decode("Guess" ...), Encode::Guess->guess($data), guess_encoding($data, [, list of suspects ])

CAVEATS

TO DO

SEE ALSO

Encode::lib::Encode::JP::H2Z, Encode::JP::H2Z -- internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*

Encode::lib::Encode::JP::JIS7, Encode::JP::JIS7 -- internally used by Encode::JP

Encode::lib::Encode::KR::2022_KR, Encode::KR::2022_KR -- internally used by Encode::KR

Encode::lib::Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::MIME::Header -- MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

DESCRIPTION

BUGS

SEE ALSO

Encode::lib::Encode::PerlIO, Encode::PerlIO -- a detailed document on Encode and PerlIO

Overview

How does it work?

BUGS

Workaround

How can I tell whether my encoding fully supports PerlIO ?

SEE ALSO

Encode::lib::Encode::Supported, Encode::Supported -- Encodings supported by Encode

DESCRIPTION

Encoding Names

Supported Encodings

Built-in Encodings

Encode::Unicode -- other Unicode encodings

Encode::Byte -- Extended ASCII

ISO-8859 and corresponding vendor mappings, KOI8 - De Facto Standard for the Cyrillic world, gsm0338 - Hentai Latin 1

CJK: Chinese, Japanese, Korean (Multibyte)

Encode::CN -- Continental China, Encode::JP -- Japan, Encode::KR -- Korea, Encode::TW -- Taiwan, Encode::HanExtra -- More Chinese via CPAN, Encode::JIS2K -- JIS X 0213 encodings via CPAN

Miscellaneous encodings

Encode::EBCDIC, Encode::Symbols, Encode::MIME::Header, Encode::Guess

Unsupported encodings

  ISO-2022-JP-2 [RFC1554], ISO-2022-CN [RFC1922], Various HP-UX encodings,
Cyrillic encoding ISO-IR-111, ISO-8859-8-1 [Hebrew], ISIRI 3342, Iran
System, ISIRI 2900 [Farsi], Thai encoding TCVN, Vietnamese encodings VPS,
Various Mac encodings, (Mac) Indic encodings

Encoding vs. Charset -- terminology

Encoding Classification (by Anton Tagunov and Dan Kogai)

Microsoft-related naming mess

KS_C_5601-1987, GB2312, Big5, Shift_JIS

Glossary

character repertoire, coded character set (CCS), character encoding scheme (CES), charset (in MIME context), EUC, ISO-2022, UCS, UCS-2, Unicode, UTF, UTF-16

See Also

References

ECMA, ECMA-035 (eq ISO-2022 ), IANA, Assigned Charset Names by IANA, ISO, RFC, UC, Unicode Glossary

Other Notable Sites

czyborra.com, CJK.inf, Jungshik Shin's Hangul FAQ, debian.org: "Introduction to i18n"

Offline sources

CJKV Information Processing by Ken Lunde

Encode::lib::Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder

SYNOPSIS

  use Encode::Encoder;
  # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data); 
  Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
  # shortcut
  use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
  encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
  # you can stack them!
  encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64;  # provided base64() is defined
  # you can use it as a decoder as well
  encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
  # stringified
  print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1;  # prints the string in latin1
  # numified
  encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)

ABSTRACT

Description

Predefined Methods

$e = Encode::Encoder->new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), $e->data([$data]), $e->encoding([$encoding]), $e->bytes([$encoding])

Example: base64 transcoder

Operator Overloading

SEE ALSO

Encodencoding, encoding - allows you to write your script in non-ascii or non-utf8

SYNOPSIS

ABSTRACT

USAGE

use encoding [ ENCNAME ] ;, use encoding ENCNAME [ STDIN => ENCNAME_IN ...] ;, no encoding;

CAVEATS

NOT SCOPED

DO NOT MIX MULTIPLE ENCODINGS

Non-ASCII Identifiers and Filter option

use encoding ENCNAME Filter=>1;

EXAMPLE - Greekperl

KNOWN PROBLEMS

SEE ALSO

Encoder, Encode::Encoder -- Object Oriented Encoder

SYNOPSIS

  use Encode::Encoder;
  # Encode::encode("ISO-8859-1", $data); 
  Encode::Encoder->new($data)->iso_8859_1; # OOP way
  # shortcut
  use Encode::Encoder qw(encoder);
  encoder($data)->iso_8859_1;
  # you can stack them!
  encoder($data)->iso_8859_1->base64;  # provided base64() is defined
  # you can use it as a decoder as well
  encoder($base64)->bytes('base64')->latin1;
  # stringified
  print encoder($data)->utf8->latin1;  # prints the string in latin1
  # numified
  encoder("\x{abcd}\x{ef}g")->utf8 == 6; # true. bytes::length($data)

ABSTRACT

Description

Predefined Methods

$e = Encode::Encoder->new([$data, $encoding]);, encoder(), $e->data([$data]), $e->encoding([$encoding]), $e->bytes([$encoding])

Example: base64 transcoder

Operator Overloading

SEE ALSO

English - use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

PERFORMANCE

Env - perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

LIMITATIONS

AUTHOR

Errno - System errno constants

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CAVEATS

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Exporter - Implements default import method for modules

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

How to Export

Selecting What To Export

How to Import

use ModuleName; , use ModuleName (); , use ModuleName qw(...);

Advanced features

Specialised Import Lists

Exporting without using Exporter's import method

Module Version Checking

Managing Unknown Symbols

Tag Handling Utility Functions

Generating combined tags

AUTOLOAD ed Constants

Exporter::Heavy - Exporter guts

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::Command - utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

cat

eqtime src dst

rm_rf files...

rm_f files...

touch files ..

mv source... destination

cp source... destination

chmod mode files..

mkpath directory..

test_f file

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Command::MM - Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

test_harness

ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

USAGE

IV, UV, NV, PV, PVN, SV, YES, NO, UNDEF

FUNCTIONS

C_stringify NAME

perl_stringify NAME

constant_types

memEQ_clause NAME, CHECKED_AT, INDENT

assign INDENT, TYPE, PRE, POST, VALUE..

return_clause

switch_clause INDENT, NAMELEN, ITEMHASH, ITEM..

params WHAT

dump_names

dogfood

C_constant, name, type, value, macro, default, pre, post, def_pre =item def_post, utf8

XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER

WriteMakefileSnippet

WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE => VALUE [, ...], NAME, DEFAULT_TYPE, BREAKOUT_AT, NAMES, C_FILE, XS_FILE, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Embed - Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

@EXPORT

FUNCTIONS

xsinit(), Examples, ldopts(), Examples, perl_inc(), ccflags(), ccdlflags(), ccopts(), xsi_header(), xsi_protos(@modules), xsi_body(@modules)

EXAMPLES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::Installed - Inventory management of installed modules

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

USAGE

FUNCTIONS

new(), modules(), files(), directories(), directory_tree(), validate(), packlist(), version()

EXAMPLE

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

For static extensions, For dynamic extensions at build/link time, For dynamic extensions at load time

EXTRALIBS

LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH

BSLOADLIBS

PORTABILITY

VMS implementation

Win32 implementation

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM - OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MM_Any - Platform agnostic MM methods

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Inherently Cross-Platform Methods

File::Spec wrappers DEPRECATED

canonpath

catdir

catfile

curdir

file_name_is_absolute

path

rootdir

updir

Thought To Be Cross-Platform Methods

test_via_harness

test_via_script

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::MM_BeOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

perl_archive

ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

canonpath, cflags, manifypods, perl_archive

ExtUtils::MM_DOS - DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Overridden methods

replace_manpage_separator

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_MacOS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

maybe_command

guess_name

macify

patternify

init_main

init_others

init_dirscan

libscan (o)

constants (o)

static (o)

dlsyms (o)

dynamic (o)

clean (o)

realclean (o)

rulez (o)

processPL (o)

ExtUtils::MM_NW5 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

constants (o)

static_lib (o)

dynamic_lib (o)

ExtUtils::MM_OS2 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

perl_archive_after

ExtUtils::MM_UWIN - U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Overridden methods

replace_manpage_separator

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_Unix - methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

SelfLoaded methods

c_o (o)

cflags (o)

clean (o)

const_cccmd (o)

const_config (o)

const_loadlibs (o)

constants (o)

depend (o)

dir_target (o)

dist (o)

dist_basics (o)

dist_ci (o)

dist_core (o)

dist_dir

dist_test

dlsyms (o)

dynamic (o)

dynamic_bs (o)

dynamic_lib (o)

exescan

extliblist

find_perl

find_tests

Methods to actually produce chunks of text for the Makefile

fixin

force (o)

guess_name

has_link_code

init_dirscan

init_main

init_others

init_INST

init_INSTALL

init_lib2arch

init_PERL

init_PERM

install (o)

installbin (o)

libscan (o)

linkext (o)

lsdir

macro (o)

makeaperl (o)

makefile (o)

manifypods (o)

maybe_command

maybe_command_in_dirs

needs_linking (o)

nicetext

parse_abstract

parse_version

pasthru (o)

perl_script

perldepend (o)

perm_rw (o)

perm_rwx (o)

pm_to_blib

post_constants (o)

post_initialize (o)

postamble (o)

ppd

prefixify

processPL (o)

quote_paren

realclean (o)

replace_manpage_separator

static (o)

static_lib (o)

staticmake (o)

subdir_x (o)

subdirs (o)

test (o)

test_via_harness (override)

test_via_script (override)

tool_autosplit (o)

tools_other (o)

tool_xsubpp (o)

top_targets (o)

writedoc

xs_c (o)

xs_cpp (o)

xs_o (o)

perl_archive

perl_archive_after

export_list

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::MM_VMS - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Methods always loaded

wraplist

Methods

guess_name (override)

find_perl (override)

maybe_command (override)

maybe_command_in_dirs (override)

perl_script (override)

replace_manpage_separator

init_main (override)

init_others (override)

constants (override)

cflags (override)

const_cccmd (override)

pm_to_blib (override)

tool_autosplit (override)

tool_sxubpp (override)

xsubpp_version (override)

tools_other (override)

dist (override)

c_o (override)

xs_c (override)

xs_o (override)

top_targets (override)

dlsyms (override)

dynamic_lib (override)

dynamic_bs (override)

static_lib (override)

manifypods (override)

processPL (override)

installbin (override)

subdir_x (override)

clean (override)

realclean (override)

dist_core (override)

dist_test (override)

install (override)

perldepend (override)

makefile (override)

find_tests (override)

test (override)

makeaperl (override)

nicetext (override)

prefixify (override)

ExtUtils::MM_Win32 - methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

constants (o)

static_lib (o)

dynamic_bs (o)

dynamic_lib (o)

perl_script

pm_to_blib

tool_autosplit (override)

tools_other (o)

xs_o (o)

top_targets (o)

manifypods (o)

dist_ci (o)

dist_core (o)

pasthru (o)

ExtUtils::MM_Win95 - method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MY - ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

How To Write A Makefile.PL

Default Makefile Behaviour

make test

make testdb

make install

PREFIX and LIB attribute

AFS users

Static Linking of a new Perl Binary

Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations

Which architecture dependent directory?

Using Attributes and Parameters

ABSTRACT, ABSTRACT_FROM, AUTHOR, BINARY_LOCATION, C, CCFLAGS, CONFIG, CONFIGURE, DEFINE, DIR, DISTNAME, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, EXCLUDE_EXT, EXE_FILES, FIRST_MAKEFILE, FULLPERL, FULLPERLRUN, FULLPERLRUNINST, FUNCLIST, H, IMPORTS, INC, INCLUDE_EXT, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLBIN, INSTALLDIRS, INSTALLMAN1DIR, INSTALLMAN3DIR, INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, INSTALLSITEARCH, INSTALLSITEBIN, INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR, INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR, INSTALLVENDORARCH, INSTALLVENDORBIN, INSTALLVENDORLIB, INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR, INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_BIN, INST_LIB, INST_MAN1DIR, INST_MAN3DIR, INST_SCRIPT, LDDLFLAGS, LDFROM, LIB, LIBPERL_A, LIBS, LINKTYPE, MAKEAPERL, MAKEFILE, MAN1PODS, MAN3PODS, MAP_TARGET, MYEXTLIB, NAME, NEEDS_LINKING, NOECHO, NORECURS, NO_VC, OBJECT, OPTIMIZE, PERL, PERL_CORE, PERLMAINCC, PERL_ARCHLIB, PERL_LIB, PERL_MALLOC_OK, PERLRUN, PERLRUNINST, PERL_SRC, PERM_RW, PERM_RWX, PL_FILES, PM, PMLIBDIRS, PM_FILTER, POLLUTE, PPM_INSTALL_EXEC, PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT, PREFIX, PREREQ_FATAL, PREREQ_PM, PREREQ_PRINT, PRINT_PREREQ, SITEPREFIX, SKIP, TYPEMAPS, VENDORPREFIX, VERBINST, VERSION, VERSION_FROM, XS, XSOPT, XSPROTOARG, XS_VERSION

Additional lowercase attributes

clean, depend, dist, dynamic_lib, linkext, macro, realclean, test, tool_autosplit

Overriding MakeMaker Methods

The End Of Cargo Cult Programming

<MAN3PODS = ' '>>

Hintsfile support

Distribution Support

   make distcheck,    make skipcheck,    make distclean,    make manifest, 
  make distdir,   make disttest,    make tardist,    make dist,    make
uutardist,    make shdist,    make zipdist,    make ci

Disabling an extension

ENVIRONMENT

PERL_MM_OPT, PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

ExtUtils::Manifest - utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

MANIFEST.SKIP

EXPORT_OK

GLOBAL VARIABLES

DIAGNOSTICS

Not in MANIFEST: file , Skipping file , No such file: file , MANIFEST: $! , Added to MANIFEST: file

ENVIRONMENT

PERL_MM_MANIFEST_DEBUG

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::Miniperl, writemain - write the C code for perlmain.c

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap - make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

ExtUtils::Mksymlists - write linker options files for dynamic extension

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

DLBASE, DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS, FILE, FUNCLIST, IMPORTS, NAME

AUTHOR

REVISION

ExtUtils::Packlist - manage .packlist files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

USAGE

FUNCTIONS

new(), read(), write(), validate(), packlist_file()

EXAMPLE

AUTHOR

ExtUtils::testlib - add blib/* directories to @INC

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Fatal - replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

Fcntl - load the C Fcntl.h defines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTE

EXPORTED SYMBOLS

File::Basename, fileparse - split a pathname into pieces

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

fileparse_set_fstype, fileparse

EXAMPLES

basename , dirname

File::CheckTree, validate - run many filetest checks on a tree

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

HISTORY

File::Compare - Compare files or filehandles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

RETURN

AUTHOR

File::Copy - Copy files or filehandles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Special behaviour if syscopy is defined (OS/2, VMS and Win32)

rmscopy($from,$to[,$date_flag])

RETURN

NOTES

AUTHOR

File::DosGlob - DOS like globbing and then some

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTES

EXPORTS (by request only)

BUGS

AUTHOR

HISTORY

SEE ALSO

File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

find , finddepth

%options

wanted , bydepth , preprocess , postprocess , follow , follow_fast , follow_skip , dangling_symlinks , no_chdir , untaint , untaint_pattern , untaint_skip

The wanted function

$File::Find::dir is the current directory name,, $_ is the current filename within that directory, $File::Find::name is the complete pathname to the file

WARNINGS

CAVEAT

$dont_use_nlink, symlinks

NOTES

HISTORY

File::Glob - Perl extension for BSD glob routine

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

GLOB_ERR , GLOB_LIMIT , GLOB_MARK , GLOB_NOCASE , GLOB_NOCHECK , GLOB_NOSORT , GLOB_BRACE , GLOB_NOMAGIC , GLOB_QUOTE , GLOB_TILDE , GLOB_CSH , GLOB_ALPHASORT

DIAGNOSTICS

GLOB_NOSPACE , GLOB_ABEND

NOTES

AUTHOR

File::Path - create or remove directory trees

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHORS

File::Spec - portably perform operations on file names

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

canonpath, catdir, catfile, curdir, devnull, rootdir, tmpdir, updir, no_upwards, case_tolerant, file_name_is_absolute, path, join, splitpath, splitdir, catpath(), abs2rel, rel2abs()

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

File::Spec::Cygwin - methods for Cygwin file specs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

File::Spec::Epoc - methods for Epoc file specs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

canonpath()

SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Functions - portably perform operations on file names

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Exports

SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Mac - File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

canonpath

catdir()

catfile

curdir

devnull

rootdir

tmpdir

updir

file_name_is_absolute

path

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

abs2rel

rel2abs

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

canonpath

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

File::Spec::OS2 - methods for OS/2 file specs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

File::Spec::Unix - File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

canonpath()

catdir()

catfile

curdir

devnull

rootdir

tmpdir

updir

no_upwards

case_tolerant

file_name_is_absolute

path

join

splitpath

splitdir

catpath()

abs2rel

rel2abs()

SEE ALSO

File::Spec::VMS - methods for VMS file specs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

eliminate_macros

fixpath

Methods always loaded

canonpath (override)

catdir

catfile

curdir (override)

devnull (override)

rootdir (override)

tmpdir (override)

updir (override)

case_tolerant (override)

path (override)

file_name_is_absolute (override)

splitpath (override)

splitdir (override)

catpath (override)

abs2rel (override)

rel2abs (override)

SEE ALSO

File::Spec::Win32 - methods for Win32 file specs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

devnull

tmpdir

catfile

canonpath

splitpath

splitdir

catpath

Note For File::Spec::Win32 Maintainers

SEE ALSO

File::Temp - return name and handle of a temporary file safely

PORTABILITY

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS

tempfile

tempdir

MKTEMP FUNCTIONS

mkstemp

mkstemps

mkdtemp

mktemp

POSIX FUNCTIONS

tmpnam

tmpfile

ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS

tempnam

UTILITY FUNCTIONS

unlink0

PACKAGE VARIABLES

safe_level , STANDARD, MEDIUM, HIGH

TopSystemUID

WARNING

Temporary files and NFS

HISTORY

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

File::stat - by-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

BUGS

NOTE

AUTHOR

FileCache - keep more files open than the system permits

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

cacheout EXPR, cacheout MODE, EXPR

CAVEATS

BUGS

FileHandle - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

$fh->print, $fh->printf, $fh->getline, $fh->getlines

SEE ALSO

Filter::Simple - Simplified source filtering

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The Problem

A Solution

Disabling or changing <no> behaviour

All-in-one interface

Filtering only specific components of source code

"code" , "executable" , "quotelike" , "string" , "regex" , "all"

Filtering only the code parts of source code

Most source code ceases to be grammatically correct when it is broken up into the pieces between string literals and regexes. So the 'code' component filter behaves slightly differently from the other partial filters described in the previous section.

Using Filter::Simple with an explicit import subroutine

Using Filter::Simple and Exporter together

How it works

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Filter::Util::Call - Perl Source Filter Utility Module

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

use Filter::Util::Call

import()

filter() and anonymous sub

$_ , $status , filter_read and filter_read_exact , filter_del

EXAMPLES

Example 1: A simple filter.

Example 2: Using the context

Example 3: Using the context within the filter

Example 4: Using filter_del

Filter::Simple

AUTHOR

DATE

FindBin - Locate directory of original perl script

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORTABLE VARIABLES

KNOWN ISSUES

KNOWN BUGS

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

GDBM_File - Perl5 access to the gdbm library.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AVAILABILITY

BUGS

SEE ALSO

Getopt::Long - Extended processing of command line options

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Command Line Options, an Introduction

Getting Started with Getopt::Long

Simple options

A little bit less simple options

Mixing command line option with other arguments

Options with values

Options with multiple values

Options with hash values

User-defined subroutines to handle options

Options with multiple names

Case and abbreviations

Summary of Option Specifications

!, +, s, i, o, f, : type [ desttype ], : number [ desttype ], : + [ desttype ]

Advanced Possibilities

Object oriented interface

Thread Safety

Documentation and help texts

Storing options in a hash

Bundling

The lonesome dash

Argument callback

Configuring Getopt::Long

default, posix_default, auto_abbrev, getopt_compat, gnu_compat, gnu_getopt, require_order, permute, bundling (default: disabled), bundling_override (default: disabled), ignore_case (default: enabled), ignore_case_always (default: disabled), pass_through (default: disabled), prefix, prefix_pattern, debug (default: disabled)

Return values and Errors

Legacy

Default destinations

Alternative option starters

Configuration variables

Trouble Shooting

Warning: Ignoring '!' modifier for short option

GetOptions does not return a false result when an option is not supplied

GetOptions does not split the command line correctly

How do I put a "-?" option into a Getopt::Long?

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER

Getopt::Std, getopt - Process single-character switches with switch clustering

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Restricted hashes

lock_keys, unlock_keys

lock_value, unlock_value

lock_hash , unlock_hash

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

I18N::Collate - compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

I18N::LangTags - functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

the function is_language_tag($lang1)

the function extract_language_tags($whatever)

the function same_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

the function similarity_language_tag($lang1, $lang2)

the function is_dialect_of($lang1, $lang2)

the function super_languages($lang1)

the function locale2language_tag($locale_identifier)

the function encode_language_tag($lang1)

the function alternate_language_tags($lang1)

the function @langs = panic_languages(@accept_languages)

ABOUT LOWERCASING

ABOUT UNICODE PLAINTEXT LANGUAGE TAGS

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

AUTHOR

I18N::LangTags::List -- tags and names for human languages

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

ABOUT LANGUAGE TAGS

LIST OF LANGUAGES

{ab} : Abkhazian, {ace} : Achinese, {ach} : Acoli, {ada} : Adangme, {aa} : Afar, {afh} : Afrihili, {af} : Afrikaans, [{afa} : Afro-Asiatic (Other)], {aka} : Akan, {akk} : Akkadian, {sq} : Albanian, {ale} : Aleut, [{alg} : Algonquian languages], [{tut} : Altaic (Other)], {am} : Amharic, {i-ami} : Ami, [{apa} : Apache languages], {ar} : Arabic, {arc} : Aramaic, {arp} : Arapaho, {arn} : Araucanian, {arw} : Arawak, {hy} : Armenian, [{art} : Artificial (Other)], {as} : Assamese, [{ath} : Athapascan languages], [{aus} : Australian languages], [{map} : Austronesian (Other)], {ava} : Avaric, {ae} : Avestan, {awa} : Awadhi, {ay} : Aymara, {az} : Azerbaijani, {ban} : Balinese, [{bat} : Baltic (Other)], {bal} : Baluchi, {bam} : Bambara, [{bai} : Bamileke languages], {bad} : Banda, [{bnt} : Bantu (Other)], {bas} : Basa, {ba} : Bashkir, {eu} : Basque, {btk} : Batak (Indonesia), {bej} : Beja, {be} : Belarusian, {bem} : Bemba, {bn} : Bengali, [{ber} : Berber (Other)], {bho} : Bhojpuri, {bh} : Bihari, {bik} : Bikol, {bin} : Bini, {bi} : Bislama, {bs} : Bosnian, {bra} : Braj, {br} : Breton, {bug} : Buginese, {bg} : Bulgarian, {i-bnn} : Bunun, {bua} : Buriat, {my} : Burmese, {cad} : Caddo, {car} : Carib, {ca} : Catalan, [{cau} : Caucasian (Other)], {ceb} : Cebuano, [{cel} : Celtic (Other)], [{cai} : Central American Indian (Other)], {chg} : Chagatai, [{cmc} : Chamic languages], {ch} : Chamorro, {ce} : Chechen, {chr} : Cherokee, {chy} : Cheyenne, {chb} : Chibcha, {ny} : Chichewa, {zh} : Chinese, {chn} : Chinook Jargon, {chp} : Chipewyan, {cho} : Choctaw, {cu} : Church Slavic, {chk} : Chuukese, {cv} : Chuvash, {cop} : Coptic, {kw} : Cornish, {co} : Corsican, {cre} : Cree, {mus} : Creek, [{cpe} : English-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpf} : French-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{cpp} : Portuguese-based Creoles and pidgins (Other)], [{crp} : Creoles and pidgins (Other)], {hr} : Croatian, [{cus} : Cushitic (Other)], {cs} : Czech, {dak} : Dakota, {da} : Danish, {day} : Dayak, {i-default} : Default (Fallthru) Language, {del} : Delaware, {din} : Dinka, {div} : Divehi, {doi} : Dogri, {dgr} : Dogrib, [{dra} : Dravidian (Other)], {dua} : Duala, {nl} : Dutch, {dum} : Middle Dutch (ca.1050-1350), {dyu} : Dyula, {dz} : Dzongkha, {efi} : Efik, {egy} : Ancient Egyptian, {eka} : Ekajuk, {elx} : Elamite, {en} : English, {enm} : Old English (1100-1500), {ang} : Old English (ca.450-1100), {eo} : Esperanto, {et} : Estonian, {ewe} : Ewe, {ewo} : Ewondo, {fan} : Fang, {fat} : Fanti, {fo} : Faroese, {fj} : Fijian, {fi} : Finnish, [{fiu} : Finno-Ugrian (Other)], {fon} : Fon, {fr} : French, {frm} : Middle French (ca.1400-1600), {fro} : Old French (842-ca.1400), {fy} : Frisian, {fur} : Friulian, {ful} : Fulah, {gaa} : Ga, {gd} : Scots Gaelic, {gl} : Gallegan, {lug} : Ganda, {gay} : Gayo, {gba} : Gbaya, {gez} : Geez, {ka} : Georgian, {de} : German, {gmh} : Middle High German (ca.1050-1500), {goh} : Old High German (ca.750-1050), [{gem} : Germanic (Other)], {gil} : Gilbertese, {gon} : Gondi, {gor} : Gorontalo, {got} : Gothic, {grb} : Grebo, {grc} : Ancient Greek, {el} : Modern Greek, {gn} : Guarani, {gu} : Gujarati, {gwi} : Gwich'in, {hai} : Haida, {ha} : Hausa, {haw} : Hawaiian, {he} : Hebrew, {hz} : Herero, {hil} : Hiligaynon, {him} : Himachali, {hi} : Hindi, {ho} : Hiri Motu, {hit} : Hittite, {hmn} : Hmong, {hu} : Hungarian, {hup} : Hupa, {iba} : Iban, {is} : Icelandic, {ibo} : Igbo, {ijo} : Ijo, {ilo} : Iloko, [{inc} : Indic (Other)], [{ine} : Indo-European (Other)], {id} : Indonesian, {ia} : Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association), {ie} : Interlingue, {iu} : Inuktitut, {ik} : Inupiaq, [{ira} : Iranian (Other)], {ga} : Irish, {mga} : Middle Irish (900-1200), {sga} : Old Irish (to 900), [{iro} : Iroquoian languages], {it} : Italian, {ja} : Japanese, {jw} : Javanese, {jrb} : Judeo-Arabic, {jpr} : Judeo-Persian, {kab} : Kabyle, {kac} : Kachin, {kl} : Kalaallisut, {kam} : Kamba, {kn} : Kannada, {kau} : Kanuri, {kaa} : Kara-Kalpak, {kar} : Karen, {ks} : Kashmiri, {kaw} : Kawi, {kk} : Kazakh, {kha} : Khasi, {km} : Khmer, [{khi} : Khoisan (Other)], {kho} : Khotanese, {ki} : Kikuyu, {kmb} : Kimbundu, {rw} : Kinyarwanda, {ky} : Kirghiz, {i-klingon} : Klingon, {kv} : Komi, {kon} : Kongo, {kok} : Konkani, {ko} : Korean, {kos} : Kosraean, {kpe} : Kpelle, {kro} : Kru, {kj} : Kuanyama, {kum} : Kumyk, {ku} : Kurdish, {kru} : Kurukh, {kut} : Kutenai, {lad} : Ladino, {lah} : Lahnda, {lam} : Lamba, {lo} : Lao, {la} : Latin, {lv} : Latvian, {lb} : Letzeburgesch, {lez} : Lezghian, {ln} : Lingala, {lt} : Lithuanian, {nds} : Low German, {loz} : Lozi, {lub} : Luba-Katanga, {lua} : Luba-Lulua, {lui} : Luiseno, {lun} : Lunda, {luo} : Luo (Kenya and Tanzania), {lus} : Lushai, {mk} : Macedonian, {mad} : Madurese, {mag} : Magahi, {mai} : Maithili, {mak} : Makasar, {mg} : Malagasy, {ms} : Malay, {ml} : Malayalam, {mt} : Maltese, {mnc} : Manchu, {mdr} : Mandar, {man} : Mandingo, {mni} : Manipuri, [{mno} : Manobo languages], {gv} : Manx, {mi} : Maori, {mr} : Marathi, {chm} : Mari, {mh} : Marshall, {mwr} : Marwari, {mas} : Masai, [{myn} : Mayan languages], {men} : Mende, {mic} : Micmac, {min} : Minangkabau, {i-mingo} : Mingo, [{mis} : Miscellaneous languages], {moh} : Mohawk, {mo} : Moldavian, [{mkh} : Mon-Khmer (Other)], {lol} : Mongo, {mn} : Mongolian, {mos} : Mossi, [{mul} : Multiple languages], [{mun} : Munda languages], {nah} : Nahuatl, {na} : Nauru, {nv} : Navajo, {nd} : North Ndebele, {nr} : South Ndebele, {ng} : Ndonga, {ne} : Nepali, {new} : Newari, {nia} : Nias, [{nic} : Niger-Kordofanian (Other)], [{ssa} : Nilo-Saharan (Other)], {niu} : Niuean, {non} : Old Norse, [{nai} : North American Indian], {se} : Northern Sami, {no} : Norwegian, {nb} : Norwegian Bokmal, {nn} : Norwegian Nynorsk, [{nub} : Nubian languages], {nym} : Nyamwezi, {nyn} : Nyankole, {nyo} : Nyoro, {nzi} : Nzima, {oc} : Occitan (post 1500), {oji} : Ojibwa, {or} : Oriya, {om} : Oromo, {osa} : Osage, {os} : Ossetian; Ossetic, [{oto} : Otomian languages], {pal} : Pahlavi, {i-pwn} : Paiwan, {pau} : Palauan, {pi} : Pali, {pam} : Pampanga, {pag} : Pangasinan, {pa} : Panjabi, {pap} : Papiamento, [{paa} : Papuan (Other)], {fa} : Persian, {peo} : Old Persian (ca.600-400 B.C.), [{phi} : Philippine (Other)], {phn} : Phoenician, {pon} : Pohnpeian, {pl} : Polish, {pt} : Portuguese, [{pra} : Prakrit languages], {pro} : Old Provencal (to 1500), {ps} : Pushto, {qu} : Quechua, {rm} : Raeto-Romance, {raj} : Rajasthani, {rap} : Rapanui, {rar} : Rarotongan, [{qaa - qtz} : Reserved for local use.], [{roa} : Romance (Other)], {ro} : Romanian, {rom} : Romany, {rn} : Rundi, {ru} : Russian, [{sal} : Salishan languages], {sam} : Samaritan Aramaic, [{smi} : Sami languages (Other)], {sm} : Samoan, {sad} : Sandawe, {sg} : Sango, {sa} : Sanskrit, {sat} : Santali, {sc} : Sardinian, {sas} : Sasak, {sco} : Scots, {sel} : Selkup, [{sem} : Semitic (Other)], {sr} : Serbian, {srr} : Serer, {shn} : Shan, {sn} : Shona, {sid} : Sidamo, {sgn-...} : Sign Languages, {bla} : Siksika, {sd} : Sindhi, {si} : Sinhalese, [{sit} : Sino-Tibetan (Other)], [{sio} : Siouan languages], {den} : Slave (Athapascan), [{sla} : Slavic (Other)], {sk} : Slovak, {sl} : Slovenian, {sog} : Sogdian, {so} : Somali, {son} : Songhai, {snk} : Soninke, {wen} : Sorbian languages, {nso} : Northern Sotho, {st} : Southern Sotho, [{sai} : South American Indian (Other)], {es} : Spanish, {suk} : Sukuma, {sux} : Sumerian, {su} : Sundanese, {sus} : Susu, {sw} : Swahili, {ss} : Swati, {sv} : Swedish, {syr} : Syriac, {tl} : Tagalog, {ty} : Tahitian, [{tai} : Tai (Other)], {tg} : Tajik, {tmh} : Tamashek, {ta} : Tamil, {i-tao} : Tao, {tt} : Tatar, {i-tay} : Tayal, {te} : Telugu, {ter} : Tereno, {tet} : Tetum, {th} : Thai, {bo} : Tibetan, {tig} : Tigre, {ti} : Tigrinya, {tem} : Timne, {tiv} : Tiv, {tli} : Tlingit, {tpi} : Tok Pisin, {tkl} : Tokelau, {tog} : Tonga (Nyasa), {to} : Tonga (Tonga Islands), {tsi} : Tsimshian, {ts} : Tsonga, {i-tsu} : Tsou, {tn} : Tswana, {tum} : Tumbuka, {tr} : Turkish, {ota} : Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928), {tk} : Turkmen, {tvl} : Tuvalu, {tyv} : Tuvinian, {tw} : Twi, {uga} : Ugaritic, {ug} : Uighur, {uk} : Ukrainian, {umb} : Umbundu, {und} : Undetermined, {ur} : Urdu, {uz} : Uzbek, {vai} : Vai, {ven} : Venda, {vi} : Vietnamese, {vo} : Volapuk, {vot} : Votic, [{wak} : Wakashan languages], {wal} : Walamo, {war} : Waray, {was} : Washo, {cy} : Welsh, {wo} : Wolof, {x-...} : Unregistered (Semi-Private Use), {xh} : Xhosa, {sah} : Yakut, {yao} : Yao, {yap} : Yapese, {yi} : Yiddish, {yo} : Yoruba, [{ypk} : Yupik languages], {znd} : Zande, [{zap} : Zapotec], {zen} : Zenaga, {za} : Zhuang, {zu} : Zulu, {zun} : Zuni

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER

AUTHOR

I18N::Langinfo - query locale information

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORT

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

IO - load various IO modules

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile

METHODS

open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )

METHODS

$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint

NOTE

SEE ALSO

BUGS

HISTORY

IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [READER, WRITER] )

METHODS

reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HANDLES ] )

METHODS

add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )

EXAMPLE

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost ()

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

hostpath(), peerpath()

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Dir, IO::Dir - supply object methods for directory handles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

new ( [ DIRNAME ] ), open ( DIRNAME ), read (), seek ( POS ), tell (), rewind (), close (), tie %hash, IO::Dir, DIRNAME [, OPTIONS ]

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::File, IO::File - supply object methods for filehandles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] ), new_tmpfile

METHODS

open( FILENAME [,MODE [,PERMS]] )

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

IO::lib::IO::Handle, IO::Handle - supply object methods for I/O handles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new (), new_from_fd ( FD, MODE )

METHODS

$io->fdopen ( FD, MODE ), $io->opened, $io->getline, $io->getlines, $io->ungetc ( ORD ), $io->write ( BUF, LEN [, OFFSET ] ), $io->error, $io->clearerr, $io->sync, $io->flush, $io->printflush ( ARGS ), $io->blocking ( [ BOOL ] ), $io->untaint

NOTE

SEE ALSO

BUGS

HISTORY

IO::lib::IO::Pipe, IO::Pipe - supply object methods for pipes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [READER, WRITER] )

METHODS

reader ([ARGS]), writer ([ARGS]), handles ()

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Poll, IO::Poll - Object interface to system poll call

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

mask ( IO [, EVENT_MASK ] ), poll ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), events ( IO ), remove ( IO ), handles( [ EVENT_MASK ] )

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Seekable, IO::Seekable - supply seek based methods for I/O objects

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

$io->getpos, $io->setpos, $io->seek ( POS, WHENCE ), WHENCE=0 (SEEK_SET), WHENCE=1 (SEEK_CUR), WHENCE=2 (SEEK_END), $io->sysseek( POS, WHENCE ), $io->tell

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

IO::lib::IO::Select, IO::Select - OO interface to the select system call

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HANDLES ] )

METHODS

add ( HANDLES ), remove ( HANDLES ), exists ( HANDLE ), handles, can_read ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), can_write ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), has_exception ( [ TIMEOUT ] ), count (), bits(), select ( READ, WRITE, ERROR [, TIMEOUT ] )

EXAMPLE

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Socket, IO::Socket - Object interface to socket communications

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

accept([PKG]), socketpair(DOMAIN, TYPE, PROTOCOL), atmark, connected, protocol, sockdomain, sockopt(OPT [, VAL]), socktype, timeout([VAL])

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Socket::INET, IO::Socket::INET - Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

sockaddr (), sockport (), sockhost (), peeraddr (), peerport (), peerhost ()

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IO::lib::IO::Socket::UNIX, IO::Socket::UNIX - Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ARGS] )

METHODS

hostpath(), peerpath()

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IPC::Open2, open2 - open a process for both reading and writing

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

WARNING

SEE ALSO

IPC::Open3, open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error handling

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

WARNING

IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IPC::SysV - SysV IPC constants

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

ftok( PATH, ID )

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

IPC::SysV::Msg, IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new ( KEY , FLAGS ), id, rcv ( BUF, LEN [, TYPE [, FLAGS ]] ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), snd ( TYPE, MSG [, FLAGS ] ), stat

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

IPC::SysV::Semaphore, IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

new ( KEY , NSEMS , FLAGS ), getall, getncnt ( SEM ), getpid ( SEM ), getval ( SEM ), getzcnt ( SEM ), id, op ( OPLIST ), remove, set ( STAT ), set ( NAME => VALUE [, NAME => VALUE ...] ), setall ( VALUES ), setval ( N , VALUE ), stat

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST

KNOWN BUGS

SUGGESTED ADDITIONS

COPYRIGHT

List::Utilib::List::Util, List::Util - A selection of general-utility list subroutines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

first BLOCK LIST, max LIST, maxstr LIST, min LIST, minstr LIST, reduce BLOCK LIST, shuffle LIST, sum LIST

KNOWN BUGS

SUGGESTED ADDITIONS

COPYRIGHT

List::Utilib::Scalar::Util, Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF

KNOWN BUGS

COPYRIGHT

BLATANT PLUG

Locale::Constants - constants for Locale codes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

SEE ALSO

Locale::Language, Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Locale::Country - ISO codes for country identification (ISO 3166)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

alpha-2 , alpha-3 , numeric

CONVERSION ROUTINES

code2country( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), country2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), country_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )

QUERY ROUTINES

all_country_codes( [ CODESET ] ) , all_country_names( [ CODESET ] )

SEMI-PRIVATE ROUTINES

alias_code

rename_country

EXAMPLES

DOMAIN NAMES

KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

SEE ALSO

Locale::Language, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, Locale::SubCountry, ISO 3166-1, http://www.iso.org/iso/en/prods-services/iso3166ma/index.html, http://www.egt.ie/standards/iso3166/iso3166-1-en.html, http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/docs/app-d-1.html

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Locale::Currency - ISO three letter codes for currency identification (ISO 4217)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

XTS, XXX

CONVERSION ROUTINES

code2currency(), currency2code()

QUERY ROUTINES

all_currency_codes() , all_currency_names()

EXAMPLES

KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

SEE ALSO

Locale::Country, Locale::Script, ISO 4217:1995, http://www.bsi-global.com/iso4217currency

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Locale::Language - ISO two letter codes for language identification (ISO 639)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONVERSION ROUTINES

code2language(), language2code()

QUERY ROUTINES

all_language_codes() , all_language_names()

EXAMPLES

KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

SEE ALSO

Locale::Country, Locale::Script, Locale::Currency, ISO 639:1988 (E/F), http://lcweb.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/langhome.html

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Locale::Maketext -- framework for localization

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

QUICK OVERVIEW

METHODS

Construction Methods

The "maketext" Method

$lh->fail_with or $lh->fail_with( PARAM ), $lh->failure_handler_auto

Utility Methods

$language->quant($number, $singular), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural), $language->quant($number, $singular, $plural, $negative), $language->numf($number), $language->sprintf($format, @items), $language->language_tag(), $language->encoding()

Language Handle Attributes and Internals

LANGUAGE CLASS HIERARCHIES

ENTRIES IN EACH LEXICON

BRACKET NOTATION

AUTO LEXICONS

CONTROLLING LOOKUP FAILURE

HOW TO USE MAKETEXT

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER

AUTHOR

Locale::Maketext::TPJ13 -- article about software localization

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Localization and Perl: gettext breaks, Maketext fixes

A Localization Horror Story: It Could Happen To You

The Linguistic View

Breaking gettext

Replacing gettext

Buzzwords: Abstraction and Encapsulation

Buzzword: Isomorphism

Buzzword: Inheritance

Buzzword: Concision

The Devil in the Details

The Proof in the Pudding: Localizing Web Sites

References

Locale::Script - ISO codes for script identification (ISO 15924)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

alpha-2 , alpha-3 , numeric

SPECIAL CODES

CONVERSION ROUTINES

code2script( CODE, [ CODESET ] ), script2code( STRING, [ CODESET ] ), script_code2code( CODE, CODESET, CODESET )

QUERY ROUTINES

all_script_codes ( [ CODESET ] ) , all_script_names ( [ CODESET ] )

EXAMPLES

KNOWN BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

SEE ALSO

Locale::Language, Locale::Currency, Locale::Country, ISO 15924, http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso15924/

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

MIME::Base64 - Encoding and decoding of base64 strings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

encode_base64($str, [$eol]), decode_base64($str)

DIAGNOSTICS

Premature end of base64 data, Premature padding of base64 data

EXAMPLES

COPYRIGHT

MIME::Base64::QuotedPrint, MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);

COPYRIGHT

MIME::QuotedPrint - Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

encode_qp($str), decode_qp($str);

COPYRIGHT

Math::BigFloat - Arbitrary size floating point math package

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Canonical notation

Output

mantissa() , exponent() and parts()

Accuracy vs. Precision

Rounding

ffround ( +$scale ), ffround ( -$scale ), ffround ( 0 ), fround ( +$scale ), fround ( -$scale ) and fround ( 0 )

EXAMPLES

  # not ready yet

Autocreating constants

Math library

Using Math::BigInt::Lite

BUGS

CAVEAT

stringify, bstr(), bdiv, Modifying and =, bpow

LICENSE

AUTHORS

Math::BigInt - Arbitrary size integer math package

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Canonical notation, Input, Output

METHODS

config

accuracy

brsft

new

bnan

bzero

binf

bone

is_one()/is_zero()/is_nan()/is_inf()

is_positive()/is_negative()

        $x->is_positive();              # true if >= 0
        $x->is_negative();              # true if <  0

is_odd()/is_even()/is_int()

bcmp

bacmp

sign

bcmp

bneg

babs

bnorm

bnot

binc

bdec

badd

bsub

bmul

bdiv

bmod

bmodinv

bmodpow

bpow

blsft

brsft

band

bior

bxor

bnot

bsqrt

bfac

round

bround

bfround

bfloor

bceil

bgcd

blcm

exponent

mantissa

parts

copy

as_number

bsstr

as_hex

as_bin

ACCURACY and PRECISION

Precision P

Accuracy A

Fallback F

Rounding mode R

'trunc', 'even', 'odd', '+inf', '-inf', 'zero', Precision, Accuracy (significant digits), Setting/Accessing, Creating numbers, Usage, Precedence, Overriding globals, Local settings, Rounding, Default values, Remarks

INTERNALS

MATH LIBRARY

SIGN

mantissa(), exponent() and parts()

EXAMPLES

  use Math::BigInt;

Autocreating constants

PERFORMANCE

Alternative math libraries

SUBCLASSING

Subclassing Math::BigInt

UPGRADING

Auto-upgrade

bsqrt(), div(), blog()

BUGS

Out of Memory!, Fails to load Calc on Perl prior 5.6.0

CAVEATS

stringify, bstr(), bsstr() and 'cmp', int(), length, bdiv, infinity handling, Modifying and =, bpow, Overloading -$x, Mixing different object types, bsqrt(), brsft()

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

Math::BigInt::Calc - Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORT

WRAP YOUR OWN

LICENSE

This program is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

AUTHORS

SEE ALSO

Math::BigRat - arbitrarily big rationals

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

MATH LIBRARY

METHODS

new()

numerator()

denominator()

        $d = $x->denominator();

parts()

as_number()

bfac()

blog()

bround()/round()/bfround()

BUGS

LICENSE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

Math::Complex - complex numbers and associated mathematical functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPERATIONS

CREATION

STRINGIFICATION

CHANGED IN PERL 5.6

USAGE

ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO OR LOGARITHM OF ZERO

ERRORS DUE TO INDIGESTIBLE ARGUMENTS

BUGS

AUTHORS

Math::Trig - trigonometric functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

tan

ERRORS DUE TO DIVISION BY ZERO

SIMPLE (REAL) ARGUMENTS, COMPLEX RESULTS

PLANE ANGLE CONVERSIONS

RADIAL COORDINATE CONVERSIONS

COORDINATE SYSTEMS

3-D ANGLE CONVERSIONS

cartesian_to_cylindrical, cartesian_to_spherical, cylindrical_to_cartesian, cylindrical_to_spherical, spherical_to_cartesian, spherical_to_cylindrical

GREAT CIRCLE DISTANCES AND DIRECTIONS

EXAMPLES

CAVEAT FOR GREAT CIRCLE FORMULAS

BUGS

AUTHORS

Memoize - Make functions faster by trading space for time

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

DETAILS

OPTIONS

INSTALL

NORMALIZER

SCALAR_CACHE , LIST_CACHE

MEMORY , HASH , TIE , FAULT , MERGE

OTHER FACILITIES

unmemoize

flush_cache

CAVEATS

PERSISTENT CACHE SUPPORT

EXPIRATION SUPPORT

BUGS

MAILING LIST

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

THANK YOU

Memoize::AnyDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::Expire - Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

INTERFACE

 TIEHASH,  EXISTS,  STORE

ALTERNATIVES

CAVEATS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Memoize::ExpireFile - test for Memoize expiration semantics

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::ExpireTest - test for Memoize expiration semantics

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::NDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::SDBM_File - glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for Storable use

DESCRIPTION

Memoize::Storable - store Memoized data in Storable database

DESCRIPTION

NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

O_RDONLY , O_WRONLY , O_RDWR

DIAGNOSTICS

ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...

BUGS AND WARNINGS

NEXT - Provide a pseudo-class NEXT that allows method redispatch

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Enforcing redispatch

Avoiding repetitions

AUTHOR

BUGS AND IRRITATIONS

COPYRIGHT

Net::Cmd - Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

USER METHODS

debug ( VALUE ), message (), code (), ok (), status (), datasend ( DATA ), dataend ()

CLASS METHODS

debug_print ( DIR, TEXT ), debug_text ( TEXT ), command ( CMD [, ARGS, ... ]), unsupported (), response (), parse_response ( TEXT ), getline (), ungetline ( TEXT ), read_until_dot (), tied_fh ()

EXPORTS

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Net::Config - Local configuration data for libnet

SYNOPSYS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

requires_firewall HOST

NetConfig VALUES

nntp_hosts, snpp_hosts, pop3_hosts, smtp_hosts, ph_hosts, daytime_hosts, time_hosts, inet_domain, ftp_firewall, ftp_firewall_type, ftp_ext_passive, ftp_int_pasive, local_netmask, test_hosts, test_exists

Net::Domain - Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and domain

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

hostfqdn (), hostname (), hostdomain ()

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Net::FTP - FTP Client class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OVERVIEW

CONSTRUCTOR

new (HOST [,OPTIONS])

METHODS

login ([LOGIN [,PASSWORD [, ACCOUNT] ] ]), authorize ( [AUTH [, RESP]]), site (ARGS), type (TYPE [, ARGS]), ascii ([ARGS]) binary([ARGS]) ebcdic([ARGS]) byte([ARGS]), rename ( OLDNAME, NEWNAME ), delete ( FILENAME ), cwd ( [ DIR ] ), cdup (), pwd (), restart ( WHERE ), rmdir ( DIR ), mkdir ( DIR [, RECURSE ]), ls ( [ DIR ] ), dir ( [ DIR ] ), get ( REMOTE_FILE [, LOCAL_FILE [, WHERE]] ), put ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), put_unique ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), append ( LOCAL_FILE [, REMOTE_FILE ] ), unique_name (), mdtm ( FILE ), size ( FILE ), supported ( CMD ), hash ( [FILEHANDLE_GLOB_REF],[ BYTES_PER_HASH_MARK] ), nlst ( [ DIR ] ), list ( [ DIR ] ), retr ( FILE ), stor ( FILE ), stou ( FILE ), appe ( FILE ), port ( [ PORT ] ), pasv (), pasv_xfer ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_xfer_unique ( SRC_FILE, DEST_SERVER [, DEST_FILE ] ), pasv_wait ( NON_PASV_SERVER ), abort (), quit ()

Methods for the adventurous

quot (CMD [,ARGS])

THE dataconn CLASS

read ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), write ( BUFFER, SIZE [, TIMEOUT ] ), bytes_read (), abort (), close ()

UNIMPLEMENTED

ALLO , SMNT , HELP , MODE , SYST , STAT , STRU , REIN

REPORTING BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

USE EXAMPLES

http://www.csh.rit.edu/~adam/Progs/autoftp-2.0.tar.gz

CREDITS

COPYRIGHT

Net::NNTP - NNTP Client class

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])

METHODS

article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), head ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] ), articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), bodyfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] ), group ( [ GROUP ] ), ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ]), last (), date (), postok (), authinfo ( USER, PASS ), list (), newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]), newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]]), next (), post ( [ MESSAGE ] ), postfh (), slave (), quit ()

Extension methods

newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] ), distributions (), subscriptions (), overview_fmt (), active_times (), active ( [ PATTERN ] ), xgtitle ( PATTERN ), xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC ), xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC ), xpath ( MESSAGE-ID ), xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC), xrover, listgroup ( [ GROUP ] ), reader

UNSUPPORTED

DEFINITIONS

MESSAGE-SPEC, PATTERN, Examples, [^]-] , *bdc , [0-9a-zA-Z] , a??d

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Net::POP3 - Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

CONSTRUCTOR

new ( [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ] )

METHODS

user ( USER ), pass ( PASS ), login ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), apop ( [ USER [, PASS ]] ), top ( MSGNUM [, NUMLINES ] ), list ( [ MSGNUM ] ), get ( MSGNUM [, FH ] ), getfh ( MSGNUM ), last (), popstat (), ping ( USER ), uidl ( [ MSGNUM ] ), delete ( MSGNUM ), reset (), quit ()

NOTES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Net::Ping - check a remote host for reachability

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functions

Net::Ping->new([$proto [, $def_timeout [, $bytes]]]);, $p->ping($host [, $timeout]);, $p->source_verify( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->hires( { 0 | 1 } );, $p->bind($local_addr);, $p->open($host);, $p->close();, pingecho($host [, $timeout]);

WARNING

NOTES

INSTALL

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

CONSTRUCTOR

new Net::SMTP [ HOST, ] [ OPTIONS ]

METHODS

banner (), domain (), hello ( DOMAIN ), etrn ( DOMAIN ), auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD ), mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] ), send ( ADDRESS ), send_or_mail ( ADDRESS ), send_and_mail ( ADDRESS ), reset (), recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [ ...]] [, OPTIONS ] ), to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] ), data ( [ DATA ] ), expand ( ADDRESS ), verify ( ADDRESS ), help ( [ $subject ] ), quit ()

ADDRESSES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Net::Time - time and daytime network client interface

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

inet_time ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]]), inet_daytime ( [HOST [, PROTOCOL [, TIMEOUT]]])

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT

Net::hostent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

NOTE

AUTHOR

Net::libnetFAQ, libnetFAQ - libnet Frequently Asked Questions

DESCRIPTION

Where to get this document

How to contribute to this document

Author and Copyright Information

Disclaimer

Obtaining and installing libnet

What is libnet ?

Which version of perl do I need ?

What other modules do I need ?

What machines support libnet ?

Where can I get the latest libnet release

Using Net::FTP

How do I download files from an FTP server ?

How do I transfer files in binary mode ?

How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?

How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server ?

How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?

Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?

How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?

Changing directory to "" does not fail ?

I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?

I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside ?

My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21

Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP server ?

I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it documented ?

Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods

Using Net::SMTP

Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the hostname ?

Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?

The verify method always returns true ?

Debugging scripts

How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?

AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT

Net::netent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

NOTE

AUTHOR

Net::protoent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTE

AUTHOR

Net::servent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

NOTE

AUTHOR

Netrc, Net::Netrc - OO interface to users netrc file

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

THE .netrc FILE

machine name, default, login name, password string, account string, macdef name

CONSTRUCTOR

lookup ( MACHINE [, LOGIN ])

METHODS

login (), password (), account (), lpa ()

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

O - Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CONVENTIONS

IMPLEMENTATION

BUGS

AUTHOR

ODBM_File - Tied access to odbm files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

O_RDONLY , O_WRONLY , O_RDWR

DIAGNOSTICS

odbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...

BUGS AND WARNINGS

Opcode - Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTE

WARNING

Operator Names and Operator Lists

an operator name (opname), an operator tag name (optag), a negated opname or optag, an operator set (opset)

Opcode Functions

opcodes, opset (OP, ...), opset_to_ops (OPSET), opset_to_hex (OPSET), full_opset, empty_opset, invert_opset (OPSET), verify_opset (OPSET, ...), define_optag (OPTAG, OPSET), opmask_add (OPSET), opmask, opdesc (OP, ...), opdump (PAT)

Manipulating Opsets

TO DO (maybe)

Predefined Opcode Tags

:base_core, :base_mem, :base_loop, :base_io, :base_orig, :base_math, :base_thread, :default, :filesys_read, :sys_db, :browse, :filesys_open, :filesys_write, :subprocess, :ownprocess, :others, :still_to_be_decided, :dangerous

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

Opcode::Safe, Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

a new namespace, an operator mask

WARNING

RECENT CHANGES

Methods in class Safe

permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)

Some Safety Issues

Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes

AUTHOR

Opcode::ops, ops - Perl pragma to restrict unsafe operations when compiling

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

POSIX - Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTE

CAVEATS

FUNCTIONS

_exit, abort, abs, access, acos, alarm, asctime, asin, assert, atan, atan2, atexit, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, ceil, chdir, chmod, chown, clearerr, clock, close, closedir, cos, cosh, creat, ctermid, ctime, cuserid, difftime, div, dup, dup2, errno, execl, execle, execlp, execv, execve, execvp, exit, exp, fabs, fclose, fcntl, fdopen, feof, ferror, fflush, fgetc, fgetpos, fgets, fileno, floor, fmod, fopen, fork, fpathconf, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, free, freopen, frexp, fscanf, fseek, fsetpos, fstat, ftell, fwrite, getc, getchar, getcwd, getegid, getenv, geteuid, getgid, getgrgid, getgrnam, getgroups, getlogin, getpgrp, getpid, getppid, getpwnam, getpwuid, gets, getuid, gmtime, isalnum, isalpha, isatty, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, isxdigit, kill, labs, ldexp, ldiv, link, localeconv, localtime, log, log10, longjmp, lseek, malloc, mblen, mbstowcs, mbtowc, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, mkdir, mkfifo, mktime, modf, nice, offsetof, open, opendir, pathconf, pause, perror, pipe, pow, printf, putc, putchar, puts, qsort, raise, rand, read, readdir, realloc, remove, rename, rewind, rewinddir, rmdir, scanf, setgid, setjmp, setlocale, setpgid, setsid, setuid, sigaction, siglongjmp, sigpending, sigprocmask, sigsetjmp, sigsuspend, sin, sinh, sleep, sprintf, sqrt, srand, sscanf, stat, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcoll, strcpy, strcspn, strerror, strftime, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtod, strtok, strtol, strtoul, strxfrm, sysconf, system, tan, tanh, tcdrain, tcflow, tcflush, tcgetpgrp, tcsendbreak, tcsetpgrp, time, times, tmpfile, tmpnam, tolower, toupper, ttyname, tzname, tzset, umask, uname, ungetc, unlink, utime, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf, wait, waitpid, wcstombs, wctomb, write

CLASSES

POSIX::SigAction

new

POSIX::SigSet

new, addset, delset, emptyset, fillset, ismember

POSIX::Termios

new, getattr, getcc, getcflag, getiflag, getispeed, getlflag, getoflag, getospeed, setattr, setcc, setcflag, setiflag, setispeed, setlflag, setoflag, setospeed, Baud rate values, Terminal interface values, c_cc field values, c_cflag field values, c_iflag field values, c_lflag field values, c_oflag field values

PATHNAME CONSTANTS

Constants

POSIX CONSTANTS

Constants

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

Constants

ERRNO

Constants

FCNTL

Constants

FLOAT

Constants

LIMITS

Constants

LOCALE

Constants

MATH

Constants

SIGNAL

Constants

STAT

Constants, Macros

STDLIB

Constants

STDIO

Constants

TIME

Constants

UNISTD

Constants

WAIT

Constants, WNOHANG, WUNTRACED, Macros, WIFEXITED, WEXITSTATUS, WIFSIGNALED, WTERMSIG, WIFSTOPPED, WSTOPSIG

PerlIO - On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name space

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

unix, stdio, perlio, crlf, utf8, bytes, raw, pop

Alternatives to raw

Defaults and how to override them

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

PerlIO::encoding - encoding layer

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

PerlIO::scalar - support module for in-memory IO.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

PerlIO::via - Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPECTED METHODS

$class->PUSHED([$mode[,$fh]]), $obj->POPPED([$fh]), $obj->OPEN($path,$mode[,$fh]), $obj->BINMODE([,$fh]), $obj->FDOPEN($fd[,$fh]), $obj->SYSOPEN($path,$imode,$perm,[,$fh]), $obj->FILENO($fh), $obj->READ($buffer,$len,$fh), $obj->WRITE($buffer,$fh), $obj->FILL($fh), $obj->CLOSE($fh), $obj->SEEK($posn,$whence,$fh), $obj->TELL($fh), $obj->UNREAD($buffer,$fh), $obj->FLUSH($fh), $obj->SETLINEBUF($fh), $obj->CLEARERR($fh), $obj->ERROR($fh), $obj->EOF($fh)

EXAMPLES

Example - a Hexadecimal Handle

PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint - PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

Pod::Checker, podchecker() - check pod documents for syntax errors

SYNOPSIS

OPTIONS/ARGUMENTS

podchecker()

-warnings => val

DESCRIPTION

DIAGNOSTICS

Errors

empty =headn, =over on line N without closing =back, =item without previous =over, =back without previous =over, No argument for =begin, =end without =begin, Nested =begin's, =for without formatter specification, unresolved internal link NAME , Unknown command " CMD ", Unknown interior-sequence " SEQ ", nested commands CMD <... CMD <...>...>, garbled entity STRING , Entity number out of range, malformed link L<>, nonempty Z<>, empty X<>, Spurious text after =pod / =cut, Spurious character(s) after =back

Warnings

multiple occurrence of link target name , line containing nothing but whitespace in paragraph, file does not start with head, previous =item has no contents, preceding non-item paragraph(s), =item type mismatch ( one  vs.  two ),  N  unescaped  =<> in paragraph, Unknown entity, No items in =over, No argument for =item, empty section in previous paragraph, Verbatim paragraph in NAME section

Hyperlinks

ignoring leading/trailing whitespace in link, (section) in '$page' deprecated, alternative text/node '%s' contains non-escaped | or /

RETURN VALUE

EXAMPLES

INTERFACE

Pod::Checker->new( %options )

$checker->poderror( @args ) , $checker->poderror( {%opts}, @args )

$checker->num_errors()

$checker->name()

$checker->node()

$checker->idx()

$checker->hyperlink()

AUTHOR

Pod::Find - find POD documents in directory trees

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

pod_find( { %opts } , @directories )

-verbose => 1 , -perl => 1 , -script => 1 , -inc => 1

simplify_name( $str )

pod_where( { %opts }, $pod )

-inc => 1 , -dirs => [ $dir1, $dir2, ... ] , -verbose => 1

contains_pod( $file , $verbose )

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Pod::Html - module to convert pod files to HTML

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

ARGUMENTS

backlink, cachedir, css, flush, header, help, htmldir, htmlroot, index, infile, libpods, netscape, outfile, podpath, podroot, quiet, recurse, title, verbose

EXAMPLE

ENVIRONMENT

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

COPYRIGHT

Pod::InputObjects - objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc.

SYNOPSIS

REQUIRES

EXPORTS

DESCRIPTION

package Pod::InputSource , package Pod::Paragraph , package Pod::InteriorSequence , package Pod::ParseTree

Pod::InputSource

new()

name()

handle()

was_cutting()

Pod::Paragraph

Pod::Paragraph-> new()

$pod_para-> cmd_name()

$pod_para-> text()

$pod_para-> raw_text()

$pod_para-> cmd_prefix()

$pod_para-> cmd_separator()

$pod_para-> parse_tree()

$pod_para-> file_line()

Pod::InteriorSequence

Pod::InteriorSequence-> new()

$pod_seq-> cmd_name()

$pod_seq-> prepend()

$pod_seq-> append()

$pod_seq-> nested()

$pod_seq-> raw_text()

$pod_seq-> left_delimiter()

$pod_seq-> right_delimiter()

$pod_seq-> parse_tree()

$pod_seq-> file_line()

Pod::InteriorSequence:: DESTROY()

Pod::ParseTree

Pod::ParseTree-> new()

$ptree-> top()

$ptree-> children()

$ptree-> prepend()

$ptree-> append()

$ptree-> raw_text()

Pod::ParseTree:: DESTROY()

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

Pod::LaTeX - Convert Pod data to formatted Latex

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OBJECT METHODS

initialize

Data Accessors

AddPreamble

AddPostamble

Head1Level

Label

LevelNoNum

MakeIndex

ReplaceNAMEwithSection

StartWithNewPage

TableOfContents

UniqueLabels

UserPreamble

UserPostamble

Lists

Subclassed methods

begin_pod

end_pod

command

verbatim

textblock

interior_sequence

List Methods

begin_list

end_list

add_item

Methods for headings

head

Internal methods

_output

_replace_special_chars

_replace_special_chars_late

_create_label

_create_index

_clean_latex_commands

_split_delimited

NOTES

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

REVISION

Pod::Man - Convert POD data to formatted *roff input

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

center, date, fixed, fixedbold, fixeditalic, fixedbolditalic, name, quotes, release, section

DIAGNOSTICS

roff font should be 1 or 2 chars, not "%s", Invalid link %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph "%s", %s:%d: Unknown escape E<%s>, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back

BUGS

CAVEATS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::ParseLink - Parse an L<> formatting code in POD text

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::ParseUtils - helpers for POD parsing and conversion

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Pod::List

Pod::List->new()

$list->file()

$list->start()

$list->indent()

$list->type()

$list->rx()

$list->item()

$list->parent()

$list->tag()

Pod::Hyperlink

Pod::Hyperlink->new()

$link->parse($string)

$link->markup($string)

$link->text()

$link->warning()

$link->file(), $link->line()

$link->page()

$link->node()

$link->alttext()

$link->type()

$link->link()

Pod::Cache

Pod::Cache->new()

$cache->item()

$cache->find_page($name)

Pod::Cache::Item

Pod::Cache::Item->new()

$cacheitem->page()

$cacheitem->description()

$cacheitem->path()

$cacheitem->file()

$cacheitem->nodes()

$cacheitem->find_node($name)

$cacheitem->idx()

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Pod::Parser - base class for creating POD filters and translators

SYNOPSIS

REQUIRES

EXPORTS

DESCRIPTION

QUICK OVERVIEW

PARSING OPTIONS

-want_nonPODs (default: unset), -process_cut_cmd (default: unset), -warnings (default: unset)

RECOMMENDED SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES

command()

$cmd , $text , $line_num , $pod_para

verbatim()

$text , $line_num , $pod_para

textblock()

$text , $line_num , $pod_para

interior_sequence()

OPTIONAL SUBROUTINE/METHOD OVERRIDES

new()

initialize()

begin_pod()

begin_input()

end_input()

end_pod()

preprocess_line()

preprocess_paragraph()

METHODS FOR PARSING AND PROCESSING

parse_text()

-expand_seq => code-ref | method-name , -expand_text => code-ref | method-name , -expand_ptree => code-ref | method-name

interpolate()

parse_paragraph()

parse_from_filehandle()

parse_from_file()

ACCESSOR METHODS

errorsub()

cutting()

parseopts()

output_file()

output_handle()

input_file()

input_handle()

input_streams()

top_stream()

PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA

_push_input_stream()

_pop_input_stream()

TREE-BASED PARSING

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

Pod::Plainer - Perl extension for converting Pod to old style Pod.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXPORT

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Pod::Select, podselect() - extract selected sections of POD from input

SYNOPSIS

REQUIRES

EXPORTS

DESCRIPTION

SECTION SPECIFICATIONS

RANGE SPECIFICATIONS

OBJECT METHODS

curr_headings()

select()

add_selection()

clear_selections()

match_section()

is_selected()

EXPORTED FUNCTIONS

podselect()

-output , -sections , -ranges

PRIVATE METHODS AND DATA

_compile_section_spec()

$self->{_SECTION_HEADINGS}

$self->{_SELECTED_SECTIONS}

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

Pod::Text - Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

alt, code, indent, loose, quotes, sentence, width

DIAGNOSTICS

Bizarre space in item, Item called without tag, Can't open %s for reading: %s, Invalid quote specification "%s", %s:%d: Unknown command paragraph: %s, %s:%d: Unknown escape: %s, %s:%d: Unknown formatting code: %s, %s:%d: Unmatched =back

RESTRICTIONS

NOTES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Text::Color - Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Text::Overstrike - Convert POD data to formatted overstrike text

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

BUGS

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Text::Termcap - Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Pod::Usage, pod2usage() - print a usage message from embedded pod documentation

SYNOPSIS

ARGUMENTS

-message , -msg , -exitval , -verbose , -output , -input , -pathlist

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

Recommended Use

CAVEATS

AUTHOR

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Pod::t::basic, basic.pod - Test of various basic POD features in translators.

HEADINGS

This is a "level 1" heading

``Level'' "2 heading

This is a "level 1" heading

``Level'' 2 heading

LINKS

OVER AND ITEMS

This is a test, a, b, a, b, c, d, "foo", bar , baz , Some longer item text

FORMATTING CODES

&, ', <, >, ", /

VERBATIM

CONCLUSION

Pod::t::htmlescp, Escape Sequences Test

DESCRIPTION

Pod::t::htmlview, Test HTML Rendering

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS => OTHER STUFF

new()

foo, bar, baz, Black Cat, Sat on the, Mat<!>, 1 Cat, 2 Sat, 3 Mat

old()

TESTING FOR AND BEGIN

TESTING URLs hyperlinking

SEE ALSO

SDBM_File - Tied access to sdbm files

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

O_RDONLY , O_WRONLY , O_RDWR

DIAGNOSTICS

sdbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...

BUGS AND WARNINGS

Safe - Compile and execute code in restricted compartments

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

a new namespace, an operator mask

WARNING

RECENT CHANGES

Methods in class Safe

permit (OP, ...), permit_only (OP, ...), deny (OP, ...), deny_only (OP, ...), trap (OP, ...), untrap (OP, ...), share (NAME, ...), share_from (PACKAGE, ARRAYREF), varglob (VARNAME), reval (STRING), rdo (FILENAME), root (NAMESPACE), mask (MASK)

Some Safety Issues

Memory, CPU, Snooping, Signals, State Changes

AUTHOR

Scalar::Util - A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

blessed EXPR, dualvar NUM, STRING, isweak EXPR, openhandle FH, reftype EXPR, tainted EXPR, weaken REF

KNOWN BUGS

COPYRIGHT

BLATANT PLUG

Search::Dict, look - search for key in dictionary file

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SelectSaver - save and restore selected file handle

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

SelfLoader - load functions only on demand

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The DATA token

SelfLoader autoloading

Autoloading and package lexicals

SelfLoader and AutoLoader

__DATA__, END, and the FOOBAR::DATA filehandle.

Classes and inherited methods.

Multiple packages and fully qualified subroutine names

Shell - run shell commands transparently within perl

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OBJECT ORIENTED SYNTAX

AUTHOR

Socket, sockaddr_in, sockaddr_un, inet_aton, inet_ntoa - load the C socket.h defines and structure manipulators

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

inet_aton HOSTNAME, inet_ntoa IP_ADDRESS, INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE, sockaddr_family SOCKADDR, sockaddr_in PORT, ADDRESS, sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, pack_sockaddr_in PORT, IP_ADDRESS, unpack_sockaddr_in SOCKADDR_IN, sockaddr_un PATHNAME, sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN, pack_sockaddr_un PATH, unpack_sockaddr_un SOCKADDR_UN

Storable - persistence for Perl data structures

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

MEMORY STORE

ADVISORY LOCKING

SPEED

CANONICAL REPRESENTATION

FORWARD COMPATIBILITY

utf8 data, restricted hashes, files from future versions of Storable

ERROR REPORTING

WIZARDS ONLY

Hooks

STORABLE_freeze obj , cloning , STORABLE_thaw obj , cloning , serialized , ..

Predicates

Storable::last_op_in_netorder , Storable::is_storing , Storable::is_retrieving

Recursion

Deep Cloning

Storable magic

EXAMPLES

WARNING

BUGS

64 bit data in perl 5.6.0 and 5.6.1

CREDITS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Switch - A switch statement for Perl

VERSION

SYNOPSIS

BACKGROUND

DESCRIPTION

Allowing fall-through

Automating fall-through

Alternative syntax

Higher-order Operations

DEPENDENCIES

AUTHOR

BUGS

LIMITATION

COPYRIGHT

Symbol - manipulate Perl symbols and their names

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Sys::Hostname - Try every conceivable way to get hostname

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added in 5.004_02), closelog

EXAMPLES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

Syslog::Syslog, Sys::Syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask, syslog - Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

openlog $ident, $logopt, $facility, syslog $priority, $format, @args, setlogmask $mask_priority, setlogsock $sock_type [$stream_location] (added in 5.004_02), closelog

EXAMPLES

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

Term::ANSIColor - Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

DIAGNOSTICS

Bad escape sequence %s, Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use, Invalid attribute name %s, Name "%s" used only once: possible typo, No comma allowed after filehandle, No name for escape sequence %s

ENVIRONMENT

ANSI_COLORS_DISABLED

RESTRICTIONS

NOTES

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Term::Cap - Perl termcap interface

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

METHODS

Tgetent , OSPEED, TERM

Tpad , $string , $cnt , $FH

Tputs , $cap , $cnt , $FH

Tgoto , $cap , $col , $row , $FH

Trequire

EXAMPLES

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Term::Complete - Perl word completion module

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

<tab>, ^D, ^U, <del>, <bs>

DIAGNOSTICS

BUGS

AUTHOR

Term::ReadLine - Perl interface to various readline packages. If no real package is found, substitutes stubs instead of basic functions.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Minimal set of supported functions

ReadLine , new , readline , addhistory , IN , $ OUT , MinLine , findConsole , Attribs, Features

Additional supported functions

tkRunning , ornaments , newTTY

EXPORTS

ENVIRONMENT

CAVEATS

Test - provides a simple framework for writing test scripts

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functions

plan

_to_value

ok

TEST TYPES

NORMAL TESTS, SKIPPED TESTS, TODO TESTS

ONFAIL

BUGS and CAVEATS

NOTE

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

Test::Builder - Backend for building test libraries

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Construction

new

Setting up tests

exported_to

plan

expected_tests

no_plan

skip_all

Running tests

ok

is_eq , is_num

isnt_eq , isnt_num

like , unlike

maybe_regex

cmp_ok

BAILOUT

skip

todo_skip

skip_rest

Test style

level

use_numbers

no_header , no_ending

Output

diag

_print

output , failure_output , todo_output

Test Status and Info

current_test

summary

details UNIMPLEMENTED , todo

caller

_sanity_check

_whoa

_my_exit

THREADS

EXAMPLES

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

Test::Harness - run perl standard test scripts with statistics

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The test script output

'1..M' , 'ok', 'not ok'. Ok? , test numbers , test names , Skipping tests , Todo tests , Bail out! , Comments , Anything else

Taint mode

Configuration variables.

$Test::Harness::verbose , $Test::Harness::switches

Failure

Failed Test , Stat , Wstat , Total , Fail , Failed , List of Failed

Functions

runtests

_all_ok

_globdir

_run_all_tests

_mk_leader

_leader_width

EXPORT

DIAGNOSTICS

All tests successful.\nFiles=%d,  Tests=%d, %s , FAILED tests %s\n\tFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay. , Test returned status %d (wstat %d) , Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s , Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay. %s , FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s

ENVIRONMENT

HARNESS_ACTIVE , HARNESS_COLUMNS , HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST , HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR , HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE , HARNESS_NOTTY , HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES , HARNESS_VERBOSE

EXAMPLE

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

TODO

BUGS

Test::Harness::Assert - simple assert

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Functions

assert

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Test::Harness::Iterator - Internal Test::Harness Iterator

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Test::Harness::Straps - detailed analysis of test results

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Construction

new

_init

Analysis

analyze

analyze_fh

analyze_file

_switches

_INC2PERL5LIB

_filtered_INC

_restore_PERL5LIB

Parsing

_is_comment

_is_header

_is_test

_is_bail_out

_reset_file_state

Results

_detailize

EXAMPLES

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

Test::More - yet another framework for writing test scripts

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

I love it when a plan comes together

Test names

I'm ok, you're not ok.

ok

is , isnt

like

unlike

cmp_ok

can_ok

isa_ok

pass , fail

Diagnostics

diag

Module tests

use_ok

require_ok

Conditional tests

SKIP: BLOCK

TODO: BLOCK , todo_skip

When do I use SKIP vs. TODO?

Comparison functions

is_deeply

eq_array

eq_hash

eq_set

Extending and Embedding Test::More

builder

NOTES

BUGS and CAVEATS

Making your own ok(), The eq_* family has some caveats, Test::Harness upgrades

HISTORY

SEE ALSO

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

Test::Simple - Basic utilities for writing tests.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

ok

EXAMPLE

CAVEATS

NOTES

HISTORY

SEE ALSO

Test::More?, Test, Test::Unit?, Test::Inline?, SelfTest?, Test::Harness?

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

Test::Tutorial - A tutorial about writing really basic tests

DESCRIPTION

Nuts and bolts of testing.

Where to start?

Names

Test the manual

Sometimes the tests are wrong

Testing lots of values

Informative names

Skipping tests

Todo tests

Testing with taint mode.

FOOTNOTES

AUTHORS

COPYRIGHT

Text::Abbrev, abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLE

Text::Balanced - Extract delimited text sequences from strings.

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

General behaviour in list contexts

[0], [1], [2]

General behaviour in scalar and void contexts

A note about prefixes

extract_delimited

extract_bracketed

extract_tagged

reject => $listref , ignore => $listref , fail => $str , [0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]

gen_extract_tagged

extract_quotelike

[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10]

extract_quotelike and "here documents"

[0], [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7..10]

extract_codeblock

extract_multiple

gen_delimited_pat

DIAGNOSTICS

 C<Did not find a suitable bracket: "%s">,  C<Did not find prefix: /%s/>, 
C<Did not find opening bracket after prefix: "%s">,  C<No quotelike
operator found after prefix: "%s">,  C<Unmatched closing bracket: "%c">, 
C<Unmatched opening bracket(s): "%s">, C<Unmatched embedded quote (%s)>,
C<Did not find closing delimiter to match '%s'>,  C<Mismatched closing
bracket: expected "%c" but found "%s">,  C<No block delimiter found after
quotelike "%s">, C<Did not find leading dereferencer>, C<Bad identifier
after dereferencer>, C<Did not find expected opening bracket at %s>,
C<Improperly nested codeblock at %s>,  C<Missing second block for quotelike
"%s">, C<No match found for opening bracket>, C<Did not find opening tag:
/%s/>, C<Unable to construct closing tag to match: /%s/>, C<Found invalid
nested tag: %s>, C<Found unbalanced nested tag: %s>, C<Did not find closing
tag>

AUTHOR

BUGS AND IRRITATIONS

COPYRIGHT

Text::ParseWords - parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

AUTHORS

Text::Soundex - Implementation of the Soundex Algorithm as Described by Knuth

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLES

LIMITATIONS

AUTHOR

Text::Tabs -- expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unexpand(1)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

BUGS

AUTHOR

Text::Wrap - line wrapping to form simple paragraphs

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OVERRIDES

EXAMPLE

AUTHOR

Thread - manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)

CAVEAT

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS

$thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub), $thread = Thread->new(\&start_sub, LIST), lock VARIABLE, async BLOCK;, Thread->self, cond_wait VARIABLE, cond_signal VARIABLE, cond_broadcast VARIABLE, yield

METHODS

join, eval, detach, equal, tid, flags, done

LIMITATIONS

SEE ALSO

Thread::Queue - thread-safe queues

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS AND METHODS

new, enqueue LIST, dequeue, dequeue_nb, pending

SEE ALSO

Thread::Semaphore - thread-safe semaphores

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

FUNCTIONS AND METHODS

new, new NUMBER, down, down NUMBER, up, up NUMBER

Thread::Signal - Start a thread which runs signal handlers reliably (for old code)

CAVEAT

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

BUGS

Thread::Specific - thread-specific keys

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Tie::Array - base class for tied arrays

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

TIEARRAY classname, LIST, STORE this, index, value, FETCH this, index, FETCHSIZE this, STORESIZE this, count, EXTEND this, count, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this, DESTROY this, PUSH this, LIST, POP this, SHIFT this, UNSHIFT this, LIST, SPLICE this, offset, length, LIST

CAVEATS

AUTHOR

Tie::File - Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

recsep

autochomp

mode

memory

dw_size

Option Format

Public Methods

flock

autochomp

defer , flush , discard , and autodefer

Tying to an already-opened filehandle

Deferred Writing

Autodeferring

CAVEATS

SUBCLASSING

WHAT ABOUT DB_File ?

AUTHOR

LICENSE

WARRANTY

THANKS

TODO

Tie::Handle, Tie::StdHandle - base class definitions for tied handles

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

TIEHANDLE classname, LIST, WRITE this, scalar, length, offset, PRINT this, LIST, PRINTF this, format, LIST, READ this, scalar, length, offset, READLINE this, GETC this, CLOSE this, OPEN this, filename, BINMODE this, EOF this, TELL this, SEEK this, offset, whence, DESTROY this

MORE INFORMATION

COMPATIBILITY

Tie::Hash, Tie::StdHash, Tie::ExtraHash - base class definitions for tied hashes

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

TIEHASH classname, LIST, STORE this, key, value, FETCH this, key, FIRSTKEY this, NEXTKEY this, lastkey, EXISTS this, key, DELETE this, key, CLEAR this

Inheriting from Tie::StdHash

Inheriting from Tie::ExtraHash

UNTIE and DESTROY

MORE INFORMATION

Tie::Memoize - add data to hash when needed

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Inheriting from Tie::Memoize

EXAMPLE

BUGS

AUTHOR

Tie::RefHash - use references as hash keys

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

EXAMPLE

AUTHOR

VERSION

SEE ALSO

Tie::Scalar, Tie::StdScalar - base class definitions for tied scalars

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

TIESCALAR classname, LIST, FETCH this, STORE this, value, DESTROY this

MORE INFORMATION

Tie::SubstrHash - Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

CAVEATS

Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

gettimeofday (), usleep ( $useconds ), ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ), tv_interval, time (), sleep ( $floating_seconds ), alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ), setitimer, getitimer ( $which )

EXAMPLES

C API

CAVEATS

AUTHORS

REVISION

COPYRIGHT

Time::Local - efficiently compute time from local and GMT time

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

IMPLEMENTATION

BUGS

Time::gmtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTE

AUTHOR

Time::localtime - by-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTE

AUTHOR

Time::tm - internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

UNIVERSAL - base class for ALL classes (blessed references)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

$obj->isa( TYPE ), CLASS->isa( TYPE ), isa( VAL, TYPE ), $obj->can( METHOD ), CLASS->can( METHOD ), can( VAL, METHOD ), VERSION ( [ REQUIRE ] )

Unicode::Collate - Unicode Collation Algorithm

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Constructor and Tailoring

alternate, backwards, entry, ignoreName, ignoreChar, level, normalization, overrideCJK, overrideHangul, preprocess, rearrange, table, undefName, undefChar, katakana_before_hiragana, upper_before_lower

Methods for Collation

@sorted = $Collator->sort(@not_sorted) , $result = $Collator->cmp($a, $b) , $result = $Collator->eq($a, $b) , $result = $Collator->ne($a, $b) , $result = $Collator->lt($a, $b) , $result = $Collator->le($a, $b) , $result = $Collator->gt($a, $b) , $result = $Collator->ge($a, $b) , $sortKey = $Collator->getSortKey($string) , $sortKeyForm = $Collator->viewSortKey($string) , $position = $Collator->index($string, $substring) , ($position, $length) = $Collator->index($string, $substring)

Other Methods

UCA_Version, Base_Unicode_Version

EXPORT

TODO

CAVEAT

BUGS

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/, http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr10/allkeys.txt, http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/, http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr18, Unicode::Normalize?

Unicode::Normalize - Unicode Normalization Forms

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Normalization Forms

$NFD_string = NFD($string) , $NFC_string = NFC($string) , $NFKD_string = NFKD($string) , $NFKC_string = NFKC($string) , $normalized_string = normalize($form_name, $string)

Decomposition and Composition

$decomposed_string = decompose($string) , $decomposed_string = decompose($string, $useCompatMapping) , $reordered_string  = reorder($string) , $composed_string   = compose($string)

Quick Check

$result = checkNFD($string) , $result = checkNFC($string) , $result = checkNFKD($string) , $result = checkNFKC($string) , $result = check($form_name, $string)

Character Data

$canonical_decomposed = getCanon($codepoint) , $compatibility_decomposed = getCompat($codepoint) , $codepoint_composite = getComposite($codepoint_here, $codepoint_next) , $combining_class = getCombinClass($codepoint) , $is_exclusion = isExclusion($codepoint) , $is_singleton = isSingleton($codepoint) , $is_non_startar_decomposition = isNonStDecomp($codepoint) , $may_be_composed_with_prev_char = isComp2nd($codepoint)

EXPORT

AUTHOR

SEE ALSO

http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/, http://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/DerivedNormalizationProps.txt

Unicode::UCD - Unicode character database

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

charinfo

charblock

charscript

charblocks

charscripts

Blocks versus Scripts

Matching Scripts and Blocks

Code Point Arguments

charinrange

compexcl

casefold

casespec

Unicode::UCD::UnicodeVersion

Implementation Note

BUGS

AUTHOR

User::grent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

NOTE

AUTHOR

User::pwent - by-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

System Specifics

NOTE

AUTHOR

HISTORY

March 18th, 2000

Win32 - Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions

DESCRIPTION

Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions

Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE), Win32::BuildNumber(), Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE), Win32::DomainName(), Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING), Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE), Win32::FsType(), Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE), Win32::GetArchName(), Win32::GetChipName(), Win32::GetCwd(), Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME), Win32::GetLastError(), Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetNextAvailDrive(), Win32::GetOSVersion(), Win32::GetOSName(), Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME), Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE, PROCNAME), Win32::GetTickCount(), Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown, Win32::IsWinNT(), Win32::IsWin95(), Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME), Win32::LoginName(), Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, SIDTYPE), Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE), Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]]), Win32::NodeName(), Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME), Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW), Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY), Win32::SetLastError(ERROR), Win32::Sleep(TIME), Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID), Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)

XSLoader - Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

AUTHOR

AUXILIARY DOCUMENTATION

Here should be listed all the extra programs' documentation, but they don't all have manual pages yet:

a2p

s2p

find2perl

h2ph

c2ph

h2xs

xsubpp

pod2man

wrapsuid

AUTHOR

Larry Wall < larry@wall.org >, with the help of oodles of other folks.

---

-- HaraldBongartz - 29 Jun 2003

Kommentare:

Teilweise koennen die Texte aus dem Topic Perl uebernommen werden. -- HaraldBongartz - 18 Aug 2003